خبز
Arabic
Etymology
Often suspected a loan, presuming an Aksumite or Old South Arabian predecessor of the Ge'ez ኅብስት (ḫəbəst, formally feminine passive participle with assimilation of the last radical to the feminine suffix), the formations within the root خ ب ز (ḵ-b-z) having been secondarily derived from the “loaf of bread” singulative noun خُبْزَة (ḵubza). Maybe instead both hail via an Old Aramaic term from Old Georgian ჴუეზაჲ (quezay, “loaf of bread”), Georgian ხვეზა (xveza).
Conjugation
Conjugation of
خَبَزَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun خَبْز)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
ḵabz | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
خَابِز ḵābiz | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَخْبُوز maḵbūz | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ḵabaztu |
ḵabazta |
ḵabaza |
خَبَزْتُمَا ḵabaztumā |
خَبَزَا ḵabazā |
ḵabaznā |
ḵabaztum |
ḵabazū | |||
f | ḵabazti |
ḵabazat |
خَبَزَتَا ḵabazatā |
ḵabaztunna |
ḵabazna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaḵbizu |
taḵbizu |
yaḵbizu |
تَخْبِزَانِ taḵbizāni |
يَخْبِزَانِ yaḵbizāni |
naḵbizu |
taḵbizūna |
yaḵbizūna | |||
f | taḵbizīna |
taḵbizu |
تَخْبِزَانِ taḵbizāni |
taḵbizna |
yaḵbizna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaḵbiza |
taḵbiza |
yaḵbiza |
تَخْبِزَا taḵbizā |
يَخْبِزَا yaḵbizā |
naḵbiza |
taḵbizū |
yaḵbizū | |||
f | taḵbizī |
taḵbiza |
تَخْبِزَا taḵbizā |
taḵbizna |
yaḵbizna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaḵbiz |
taḵbiz |
yaḵbiz |
تَخْبِزَا taḵbizā |
يَخْبِزَا yaḵbizā |
naḵbiz |
taḵbizū |
yaḵbizū | |||
f | taḵbizī |
taḵbiz |
تَخْبِزَا taḵbizā |
taḵbizna |
yaḵbizna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | iḵbiz |
اِخْبِزَا iḵbizā |
iḵbizū |
||||||||
f | iḵbizī |
iḵbizna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ḵubiztu |
ḵubizta |
ḵubiza |
خُبِزْتُمَا ḵubiztumā |
خُبِزَا ḵubizā |
ḵubiznā |
ḵubiztum |
ḵubizū | |||
f | ḵubizti |
ḵubizat |
خُبِزَتَا ḵubizatā |
ḵubiztunna |
ḵubizna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuḵbazu |
tuḵbazu |
yuḵbazu |
تُخْبَزَانِ tuḵbazāni |
يُخْبَزَانِ yuḵbazāni |
nuḵbazu |
tuḵbazūna |
yuḵbazūna | |||
f | tuḵbazīna |
tuḵbazu |
تُخْبَزَانِ tuḵbazāni |
tuḵbazna |
yuḵbazna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuḵbaza |
tuḵbaza |
yuḵbaza |
تُخْبَزَا tuḵbazā |
يُخْبَزَا yuḵbazā |
nuḵbaza |
tuḵbazū |
yuḵbazū | |||
f | tuḵbazī |
tuḵbaza |
تُخْبَزَا tuḵbazā |
tuḵbazna |
yuḵbazna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuḵbaz |
tuḵbaz |
yuḵbaz |
تُخْبَزَا tuḵbazā |
يُخْبَزَا yuḵbazā |
nuḵbaz |
tuḵbazū |
yuḵbazū | |||
f | tuḵbazī |
tuḵbaz |
تُخْبَزَا tuḵbazā |
tuḵbazna |
yuḵbazna |
Declension
Declension of noun خُبْز (ḵubz)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | خُبْز ḵubz |
الْخُبْز al-ḵubz |
خُبْز ḵubz |
Nominative | خُبْزٌ ḵubzun |
الْخُبْزُ al-ḵubzu |
خُبْزُ ḵubzu |
Accusative | خُبْزًا ḵubzan |
الْخُبْزَ al-ḵubza |
خُبْزَ ḵubza |
Genitive | خُبْزٍ ḵubzin |
الْخُبْزِ al-ḵubzi |
خُبْزِ ḵubzi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | خُبْزَيْن ḵubzayn |
الْخُبْزَيْن al-ḵubzayn |
خُبْزَيْ ḵubzay |
Nominative | خُبْزَانِ ḵubzāni |
الْخُبْزَانِ al-ḵubzāni |
خُبْزَا ḵubzā |
Accusative | خُبْزَيْنِ ḵubzayni |
الْخُبْزَيْنِ al-ḵubzayni |
خُبْزَيْ ḵubzay |
Genitive | خُبْزَيْنِ ḵubzayni |
الْخُبْزَيْنِ al-ḵubzayni |
خُبْزَيْ ḵubzay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَخْبَاز ʔaḵbāz |
الْأَخْبَاز al-ʔaḵbāz |
أَخْبَاز ʔaḵbāz |
Nominative | أَخْبَازٌ ʔaḵbāzun |
الْأَخْبَازُ al-ʔaḵbāzu |
أَخْبَازُ ʔaḵbāzu |
Accusative | أَخْبَازًا ʔaḵbāzan |
الْأَخْبَازَ al-ʔaḵbāza |
أَخْبَازَ ʔaḵbāza |
Genitive | أَخْبَازٍ ʔaḵbāzin |
الْأَخْبَازِ al-ʔaḵbāzi |
أَخْبَازِ ʔaḵbāzi |
Declension
Declension of noun خَبْز (ḵabz)
References
- Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 393–394
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 81
- Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, pages 56–57
Hijazi Arabic
Root |
---|
خ ب ز |
1 term |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xubuz/
Noun
خبز • (ḵubuz) m (collective, singulative خبزة f (ḵubza), plural خبزات (ḵubzāt))
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xabaz/
Conjugation
Conjugation of خبز (ḵabaz) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | خبزت (ḵabazt) | خبزت (ḵabazt) | خبز (ḵabaz) | خبزنا (ḵabazna) | خبزتوا (ḵabaztu) | خبزوا (ḵabazu) | |
f | خبزتي (ḵabazti) | خبزت (ḵabazat) | ||||||
non-past | m | أخبز (ʔaḵbiz) | تخبز (tiḵbiz) | يخبز (yiḵbiz) | نخبز (niḵbiz) | تخبزوا (tiḵbizu) | يخبزوا (yiḵbizu) | |
f | تخبزي (tiḵbizi) | تخبز (tiḵbiz) | ||||||
imperative | m | اخبز (aḵbiz) | اخبزوا (aḵbizu) | |||||
f | اخبزي (aḵbizi) |
Moroccan Arabic
Root |
---|
خ ب ز |
2 terms |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xubz/
Audio (file)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xbaz/
Conjugation
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This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Ottoman Turkish
Further reading
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “خبز”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 830
South Levantine Arabic
Root |
---|
خ ب ز |
2 terms |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xa.baz/, [ˈxa.baz]
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)
Conjugation
Conjugation of خبز (ḵabaz) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | خبزت (ḵabazt) | خبزت (ḵabazt) | خبز (ḵabaz) | خبزنا (ḵabazna) | خبزتو (ḵabaztu) | خبزو (ḵabazu) | |
f | خبزتي (ḵabazti) | خبزت (ḵabzat) | ||||||
present | m | بخبز (baḵbiz) | بتخبز (btiḵbiz) | بخبز (biḵbiz) | منخبز (mniḵbiz) | بتخبزو (btiḵbizu) | بخبزو (biḵbizu) | |
f | بتخبزي (btiḵbizi) | بتخبز (btiḵbiz) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | أخبز (ʔaḵbiz) | تخبز (tiḵbiz) | يخبز (yiḵbiz) | نخبز (niḵbiz) | تخبزو (tiḵbizu) | يخبزو (yiḵbizu) | |
f | تخبزي (tiḵbizi) | تخبز (tiḵbiz) | ||||||
imperative | m | اخبز (iḵbiz) | اخبزو (iḵbizu) | |||||
f | اخبزي (iḵbizi) |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xubz/, [ˈxʊ.b(ɪ)z]
Audio (Bethlehem) (file)
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