بال
Arabic
Etymology 1
Found in dictionaries as if from the root ب و ل (b-w-l), but actually not relatable to any root. It is explained as reanalysis of بَاءَ لِي (bāʔa lī, “it has come upon me”); predating Arabic literature by a millennium at least since there is Biblical Aramaic בָּל (bāl, “mind, heed”).
Declension
Derived terms
- مَا بَال (mā bāl)
Related terms
- بَالَى (bālā)
Etymology 2
From the root ب و ل (b-w-l) related to urine.
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
bawl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
بَائِل bāʔil | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَبُول mabūl | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | bultu |
bulta |
bāla |
بُلْتُمَا bultumā |
bālā |
بُلْنَا bulnā |
بُلْتُمْ bultum |
bālū | |||
f | bulti |
bālat |
bālatā |
بُلْتُنَّ bultunna |
bulna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَبُولُ ʔabūlu |
tabūlu |
يَبُولُ yabūlu |
تَبُولَانِ tabūlāni |
يَبُولَانِ yabūlāni |
نَبُولُ nabūlu |
تَبُولُونَ tabūlūna |
يَبُولُونَ yabūlūna | |||
f | تَبُولِينَ tabūlīna |
tabūlu |
تَبُولَانِ tabūlāni |
تَبُلْنَ tabulna |
يَبُلْنَ yabulna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَبُولَ ʔabūla |
tabūla |
يَبُولَ yabūla |
تَبُولَا tabūlā |
يَبُولَا yabūlā |
نَبُولَ nabūla |
tabūlū |
يَبُولُوا yabūlū | |||
f | tabūlī |
tabūla |
تَبُولَا tabūlā |
تَبُلْنَ tabulna |
يَبُلْنَ yabulna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔabul |
tabul |
yabul |
تَبُولَا tabūlā |
يَبُولَا yabūlā |
nabul |
tabūlū |
يَبُولُوا yabūlū | |||
f | tabūlī |
tabul |
تَبُولَا tabūlā |
تَبُلْنَ tabulna |
يَبُلْنَ yabulna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | bul |
būlā |
būlū |
||||||||
f | būlī |
bulna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | biltu |
bilta |
بِيلَ bīla |
بِلْتُمَا biltumā |
بِيلَا bīlā |
بِلْنَا bilnā |
بِلْتُمْ biltum |
بِيلُوا bīlū | |||
f | bilti |
بِيلَتْ bīlat |
بِيلَتَا bīlatā |
بِلْتُنَّ biltunna |
bilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔubālu |
tubālu |
yubālu |
تُبَالَانِ tubālāni |
يُبَالَانِ yubālāni |
nubālu |
tubālūna |
yubālūna | |||
f | tubālīna |
tubālu |
تُبَالَانِ tubālāni |
تُبَلْنَ tubalna |
يُبَلْنَ yubalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔubāla |
tubāla |
yubāla |
تُبَالَا tubālā |
يُبَالَا yubālā |
nubāla |
tubālū |
yubālū | |||
f | tubālī |
tubāla |
تُبَالَا tubālā |
تُبَلْنَ tubalna |
يُبَلْنَ yubalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔubal |
tubal |
yubal |
تُبَالَا tubālā |
يُبَالَا yubālā |
nubal |
tubālū |
yubālū | |||
f | tubālī |
tubal |
تُبَالَا tubālā |
تُبَلْنَ tubalna |
يُبَلْنَ yubalna |
Descendants
- Maltese: biel
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
References
- Cowan, W. (1960). Arabic evidence for Proto-Semitic*/awa/and*/ō. Language, 60-62.
- “bl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Bauer, Hans (1935) “Etymologica I”, in Zeitschrift für Semitistik und verwandte Gebiete (in German), volume 10, page 1
- Freytag, Georg (1830) “بال”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 174
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “بال”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 180
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “بال”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “بال”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 124
Chagatai
Etymology
Inherited from Karakhanid بال (bal), from Proto-Turkic *bạl (“honey”). Cognate with Azerbaijani bal, Bashkir бал (bal), Chuvash пыл (pyl), Kazakh бал (bal), Kyrgyz бал (bal), Ottoman Turkish بال (bal), and Turkmen bal.
Further reading
- Courteille, Abel Pavet de (1870) “بال”, in Dictionnaire turk-oriental [Eastern Turkic Dictionary] (in French), Paris: Imprimerie Impériale, page 153
Gujarati
Etymology
Borrowed from Urdu بال (bāl), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀯𑀸𑀮 (vāla), from Sanskrit वाल (vāla).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbɑl/
Noun
بال • (bāl) m (Standard Gujarati બાલ) (Lisan ud-Dawat)
Khalaj
Kohistani Shina
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /báːl/
Kundal Shahi
Moroccan Arabic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /baːl/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
Conjugation of بال | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | بلت (bult) | بلتي (bulti) | بال (bāl) | بلنا (bulna) | بلتوا (bultu) | بالوا (bālu) | |
f | بالت (bālet) | |||||||
non-past | m | نبول (nbūl) | تبول (tbūl) | يبول (ybūl) | نبولوا (nbūlu) | تبولوا (tbūlu) | يبولوا (ybūlu) | |
f | تبولي (tbūli) | تبول (tbūl) | ||||||
imperative | m | بول (būl) | بولوا (būlu) | |||||
f | بولي (būli) |
Related terms
- بالى (bāla)
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bạl (“honey”); cognate with Azerbaijani bal, Bashkir бал (bal), Chuvash пыл (pyl), Kazakh бал (bal), Kyrgyz бал (bal), Turkmen bal, Uyghur بال (bal) and Uzbek bol.
Noun
بال • (bal)
Derived terms
- بال آریسی (bal arısı, “honeybee”)
- بال باشی (bal başı, “the purest honey”)
- بال صاغمق (bal sağmak, “to drain honey from the comb”)
- بال قباغی (bal kabağı, “sweet gourd”)
- بال قوشی (bal kuşu, “honeybird”)
- بال پتكی (bal peteği, “honeycomb”)
- بالجی (balcı, “dealer in honey”)
- باللاندیرمق (ballandırmak, “to praise, gloss over”)
- باللانمق (ballanmak, “to become honey”)
- باللو (ballı, “containing honey”)
- بالمومی (balmumu, “beeswax”)
Descendants
- Turkish: bal
- → Armenian: պալ (pal)
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “bal1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 446
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “بال”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français, Vienna: F. Beck, page 104b
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “بال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 245
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Mel”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 1026
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “بال”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 679
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “bal”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “بال”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 333
Noun
بال • (bâl)
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “bal5”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 447
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “bâl”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 85
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “بال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 245
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “بال”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, columns 679-680
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “بال”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 333
Noun
بال • (bâl)
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “bal4”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 447
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “bâl”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 85
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “بال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 245
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “بال”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 680
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “بال”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 333
Persian
Etymology
From Middle Persian b’lk’ (bālag, “wing”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [bɑːl]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [bɑːl]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [bɑːl]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [bɔːl̥]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [bɒːl̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [bɔl]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | bāl |
Dari reading? | bāl |
Iranian reading? | bâl |
Tajik reading? | bol |
Descendants
- → Khalaj: bâl
Shina
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /báːl/
South Levantine Arabic
Root |
---|
ب و ل |
2 terms |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /baːl/, [bæːl]
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)
Noun
بال • (bāl) m
Derived terms
- دار باله (dār bālo, “to be careful”)
- طوّل باله (ṭawwal bālo, “to be patient”)
- طويل البال (ṭawīl il-bāl, “patient”, adj.)
- جاي عباله (jāy ʕa-bālo, “to feel like doing”)
Urdu
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /bɑːl/
Audio (PK) (file) - Rhymes: -ɑːl
Etymology 1
Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀯𑀸𑀮 (vāla), from Sanskrit वाल (vāla).
Descendants
- → Lisan ud-Dawat Gujarati: بال (bāl)
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Classical Persian بال (bāl), from Middle Persian b’lk’ (bālag, “wing”).