ξανθός

See also: Ξάνθος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Unknown. There are at least two possibilities:

  1. Derived from Proto-Indo-European, through augmented *ḱsendʰ-, from root *ḱas- (white, blond, grey). If this is correct, then this word is akin to Latin cānus (white), from Proto-Italic *kaznos;
  2. Of Pre-Greek origin, according to Beekes, which deems the comparison with Latin as gratuitous. Compare also Ancient Greek ξουθός (xouthós, golden yellow).

Moreover, the often asserted connection with Etruscan 𐌆𐌀𐌌𐌈𐌉𐌂 (zamθic, golden) is probably spurious.

Pronunciation

 

Adjective

ξᾰνθός • (xanthós) m (feminine ξᾰνθή, neuter ξᾰνθόν); first/second declension

  1. yellow (of various shades), golden
  2. fair, blond, flaxen, tawny, a golden-red fawn (of hair)
    • 630 BCE – 570 BCE, Sappho, Papyrus Fragments 23:
      ξάνθαι δ’ Ἐλέναι σ’ ἐίσ[κ]ην
      οὖδεν ἄεικες
      xánthai d’ Elénai s’ eís[k]ēn
      oûden áeikes
      Comparing you to golden Helen
      is not at all inappropriate

Inflection

Derived terms

  • ἐρυθρόξανθος (eruthróxanthos)
  • ξάνθη (xánthē)
  • Ξανθίας (Xanthías)
  • ξανθίζω (xanthízō)
  • ξάνθιον (xánthion)
  • ξάνθισις (xánthisis)
  • ξάνθισμα (xánthisma)
  • ξανθισμός (xanthismós)
  • ξανθόγεως (xanthógeōs)
  • ξανθοδερκής (xanthoderkḗs)
  • ξανθοειδής (xanthoeidḗs)
  • ξάνθοθριξ (xánthothrix)
  • ξανθοκάρηνος (xanthokárēnos)
  • ξανθοκάρυον (xanthokáruon)
  • ξανθοκόμης (xanthokómēs)
  • ξανθόλευκος (xanthóleukos)
  • ξανθόλοφος (xanthólophos)
  • ξανθομήλινος (xanthomḗlinos)
  • ξανθότης (xanthótēs)
  • ξανθοφαής (xanthophaḗs)
  • ξανθοφυής (xanthophuḗs)
  • ξανθοχίτων (xanthokhítōn)
  • ξανθόχλοος (xanthókhloos)
  • ξανθόχολος (xanthókholos)
  • ξανθόχροος (xanthókhroos)
  • ξανθόω (xanthóō)
  • ξανθωπός (xanthōpós)
  • ξάνθωσις (xánthōsis)
  • Ξᾰ́νθος (Xánthos)
  • πυρρόξανθος (purrhóxanthos)

Descendants

  • Glosa: xanto
  • Greek: ξανθός (xanthós)

See also

Colors in Ancient Greek · χρώμᾰτᾰ (khrṓmata) (layout · text)
     λευκός (leukós)      γλαυκός (glaukós), κῐλλός (killós), πολῐός (poliós), φαιός (phaiós), χαροπός (kharopós)      ᾰ̓μαυρός (amaurós), κελαινός (kelainós), μαυρός (maurós), μέλᾱς (mélās)
             ἐρῠθρός (eruthrós); κᾰρῡ́κῐνος (karū́kinos), κόκκῐνος (kókkinos), φοινός (phoinós)              πυρρός (purrhós); ὄρφνῐνος (órphninos)              μήλινος (mḗlinos), ξᾰνθός (xanthós); ὠχρός (ōkhrós)
             πρᾰ́σῐνος (prásinos)              χλωρός (khlōrós)              χλωρός (khlōrós); χλωρομέλᾱς (khlōromélās)
             κῠᾰ́νεος (kuáneos); γλαυκός (glaukós), κᾰλάϊνος (kaláïnos)              κῠᾰ́νεος (kuáneos)              κῠᾰ́νεος (kuáneos), ὑᾰκῐ́νθῐνος (huakínthinos)
             ἰόεις (ióeis), φοινῑ́κεος (phoinī́keos); ᾰ̔λουργής (halourgḗs), πορφῠ́ρεος (porphúreos), οἶνοψ (oînops)              φοινῑ́κεος (phoinī́keos); ᾰ̔λουργής (halourgḗs), πορφῠ́ρεος (porphúreos)              ῥόδινος (rhódinos), ῥοδόεις (rhodóeis)

References

  • ξανθός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • ξανθός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • ξανθός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • ξανθός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • ξανθός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • ξανθός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1033

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ξανθός (xanthós).

Adjective

ξανθός • (xanthós) m (feminine ξανθή or ξανθιά, neuter ξανθό)

  1. blonde, blond, fair, flaxen, tawny
    ξανθά μαλλιά, όπως το μέλιxanthá malliá, ópos to méliblonde hair like honey
  2. golden
    ξανθό στάχυxanthó stáchygolden ear (of corn)

Declension

Derived terms

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