ôd

See also: Appendix:Variations of "od"

Masurian

Alternative forms
  • ôde

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish od.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈwɔt]
  • Syllabification: ôd

Preposition

ôd [+genitive]

  1. denotes a part broken from a whole; from
  2. denotes someone or something lower than someone or something in some hierarchy, such as age, power, ownership, or creator; from
  3. denotes the source of something; from
  4. denotes moment of origin in time; from, since, for
  5. denotes beginning of something; from
  6. denotes a sender; from
  7. creates the passive voice; by
  8. denotes object belonging to a group; among
  9. creates a comparative with a noun or adjective phrase; than
  10. denotes something to be removed or something unwanted; from
  11. denotes a speciality; in
  12. denotes size of a physical object
  13. denotes base of calculation or payment

Further reading
  • Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2024) “od”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur‎, volume 5, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, pages 64-71

Silesian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish od.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈwɔt/
  • Rhymes: -ɔt
  • Syllabification: ôd

Preposition

ôd [+genitive]

  1. indicates moment of origin in time; from, since, for
    Antonym: do
  2. indicates owner or relations; from
  3. indicates source or cause; from, because of
    Synonyms: (Cieszyn) przez, skirz, skuli, (Cieszyn) skyrs, z
  4. indicates origin of movement; from, away
    Synonym: z
    Antonyms: do, ku
  5. used as a preposition for the passive voice; by
    Synonyms: bez, (Cieszyn) przez
  6. indicates separation, distance, loss of contact; from, away
    Antonym: do
  7. used in comparisons; than
    Synonyms: aniżeli, jak, niż
  8. indicates specialization
prefix
  • ôd-

Further reading
  • ôd in silling.org

Welsh

Etymology

From odi (“to snow”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /oːd/
  • Rhymes: -oːd

Noun

ôd m (uncountable)

  1. (literary) snow
    Synonym: eira

Usage notes

Unusually for a monosyllabic word ending in a monophthong and single d, the current spelling of this (rare) word requires the circumflex to indicate that the vowel is long. Likewise, there is no grave accent in the word od to show that its vowel is short. Compare this to regular spellings such as mwd and mẁd or nod and nòd.

Derived terms

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
ôd unchanged unchanged hôd
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ôd”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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