turha

Finnish

Etymology

Unknown. Cognate with Ingrian turha.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈturhɑ/, [ˈt̪urhɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -urhɑ
  • Syllabification(key): tur‧ha

Adjective

turha (comparative turhempi, superlative turhin)

  1. futile, in vain (incapable of producing results)
    Synonyms: tulokseton, hyödytön
    Hänen ponnistelunsa osoittautuivat turhaksi.
    His efforts proved futile.
    Työmme ei ollut turhaa.
    Our work was not in vain.
    • 1992, Timo Koivusalo (lyrics and music), “Kuurankukka”, in Joel Hallikainen, performed by Joel Hallikainen:
      Turhaa, aivan turhaa
      On jälkiänsä käydä seuraamaan
      (It's) futile, all too futile
      to start following one's own footsteps
  2. pointless, useless, unnecessary, purposeless, needless (lacking purpose or need)
    Synonyms: tarpeeton, tarkoitukseton
    Hän aloitti kantansa perustelun, vaikka tiesikin sen turhaksi.
    He began backing up his opinion, although he knew it was pointless.
    Miten niin tämä on turha ostos?
    How is this an useless purchase?
    Jättämällä turhat lisävarusteet pois säästää rahaa.
    You can save money by leaving out unnecessary accessories.
  3. unfounded, unjustified (lacking justification)
    Synonyms: aiheeton, perusteeton
    Joukkue osoitti aiemmat epäilykset tasostaan turhiksi.
    The team proved that earlier doubts about their level were unfounded.
  4. uncalled-for, unwarranted (not deserved or justified)
    Synonym: kohtuuton
    Tuo oli aivan turha kommentti.
    That comment was completely unwarranted.

Declension
Inflection of turha (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative turha turhat
genitive turhan turhien
partitive turhaa turhia
illative turhaan turhiin
singular plural
nominative turha turhat
accusative nom. turha turhat
gen. turhan
genitive turhan turhien
turhainrare
partitive turhaa turhia
inessive turhassa turhissa
elative turhasta turhista
illative turhaan turhiin
adessive turhalla turhilla
ablative turhalta turhilta
allative turhalle turhille
essive turhana turhina
translative turhaksi turhiksi
abessive turhatta turhitta
instructive — turhin
comitative — turhine
Possessive forms of turha (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative turhani turhani
accusative nom. turhani turhani
gen. turhani
genitive turhani turhieni
turhainirare
partitive turhaani turhiani
inessive turhassani turhissani
elative turhastani turhistani
illative turhaani turhiini
adessive turhallani turhillani
ablative turhaltani turhiltani
allative turhalleni turhilleni
essive turhanani turhinani
translative turhakseni turhikseni
abessive turhattani turhittani
instructive — —
comitative — turhineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative turhasi turhasi
accusative nom. turhasi turhasi
gen. turhasi
genitive turhasi turhiesi
turhaisirare
partitive turhaasi turhiasi
inessive turhassasi turhissasi
elative turhastasi turhistasi
illative turhaasi turhiisi
adessive turhallasi turhillasi
ablative turhaltasi turhiltasi
allative turhallesi turhillesi
essive turhanasi turhinasi
translative turhaksesi turhiksesi
abessive turhattasi turhittasi
instructive — —
comitative — turhinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative turhamme turhamme
accusative nom. turhamme turhamme
gen. turhamme
genitive turhamme turhiemme
turhaimmerare
partitive turhaamme turhiamme
inessive turhassamme turhissamme
elative turhastamme turhistamme
illative turhaamme turhiimme
adessive turhallamme turhillamme
ablative turhaltamme turhiltamme
allative turhallemme turhillemme
essive turhanamme turhinamme
translative turhaksemme turhiksemme
abessive turhattamme turhittamme
instructive — —
comitative — turhinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative turhanne turhanne
accusative nom. turhanne turhanne
gen. turhanne
genitive turhanne turhienne
turhainnerare
partitive turhaanne turhianne
inessive turhassanne turhissanne
elative turhastanne turhistanne
illative turhaanne turhiinne
adessive turhallanne turhillanne
ablative turhaltanne turhiltanne
allative turhallenne turhillenne
essive turhananne turhinanne
translative turhaksenne turhiksenne
abessive turhattanne turhittanne
instructive — —
comitative — turhinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative turhansa turhansa
accusative nom. turhansa turhansa
gen. turhansa
genitive turhansa turhiensa
turhainsarare
partitive turhaansa turhiaan
turhiansa
inessive turhassaan
turhassansa		 turhissaan
turhissansa
elative turhastaan
turhastansa		 turhistaan
turhistansa
illative turhaansa turhiinsa
adessive turhallaan
turhallansa		 turhillaan
turhillansa
ablative turhaltaan
turhaltansa		 turhiltaan
turhiltansa
allative turhalleen
turhallensa		 turhilleen
turhillensa
essive turhanaan
turhanansa		 turhinaan
turhinansa
translative turhakseen
turhaksensa		 turhikseen
turhiksensa
abessive turhattaan
turhattansa		 turhittaan
turhittansa
instructive — —
comitative — turhineen
turhinensa

Derived terms

Further reading

Anagrams

Ingrian

Etymology

Unknown. Cognate with Finnish turha.

Pronunciation
  • (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈturɑ/, [ˈturɑ]
  • (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈturhɑ/, [ˈturhɑ]
  • Rhymes: -urɑ, -urhɑ
  • Hyphenation: tur‧ha

Adjective

turha (comparative turhemp)

  1. useless
  2. unnecessary

Declension
Declension of turha (type 3/koira, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative turha turhat
genitive turhan turhiin
partitive turhaa turhia
illative turhaa turhii
inessive turhaas turhiis
elative turhast turhist
allative turhalle turhille
adessive turhaal turhiil
ablative turhalt turhilt
translative turhaks turhiks
essive turhanna, turhaan turhinna, turhiin
exessive1) turhant turhint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

References
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 609
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