tegula

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tegula (“a tile”), from tegō (“to cover”). Doublet of tile.

Noun

tegula (plural tegulae)

  1. (entomology) A small sclerite situated above the base of the costal vein in the wings of various insects, and attached to the anterolateral portion of the mesonotum.
  2. (archaeology) A flat Roman roof tile with raised edges, joined together by an imbrex.
  3. (malacology) Any sea snail in the genus Tegula.

Derived terms

Translations

Further reading

Anagrams

Interlingua

Noun

tegula (plural tegulas)

  1. tile

Latin
tēgula

Etymology

From Proto-Italic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg- (“to cover”). By surface analysis, tegō (“to cover”) +‎ -ula. For the meaning development compare German Kachel. Though the sense “frying-pan” has been said to be derived from Ancient Greek τάγηνον (tágēnon), τήγανον (tḗganon), this is formally difficult; the distinction between it and “rooftile” may thus be seen as unfounded.

The long vowel is difficult to explain, but according to some authors it is an artifact of early simplification of the cluster *gdʰ in *teg-dʰlom (see -bulum for the suffix); compare rēgula. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?) Contrast the later formation tegulum, with a short vowel.

Pronunciation

Noun

tēgula f (genitive tēgulae); first declension

  1. a tile, whether to lay the roof (rooftile) or to bake food upon it (baking tile, frying pan)
    • Apicius, De re coquinaria 8:
      Glires: isicio porcino, item pulpis ex omni membro glirium trito, cum pipere, nucleis, lasere, liquamine farcies glires, et sutos in tegula positos mittes in furnum aut farsos in clibano coques.
      Dormice: Fill the dormice with minced meat of pork and all parts of the dormice, ground pepper, pinenuts, laser, fish-sauce, and put them sewn together and laid upon a tile-pan into the oven, or cook them stuffed in the clibanus.

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative tēgula tēgulae
Genitive tēgulae tēgulārum
Dative tēgulae tēgulīs
Accusative tēgulam tēgulās
Ablative tēgulā tēgulīs
Vocative tēgula tēgulae

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Vulgar Latin: *tegla
  • ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *tegella
  • → Italian: tegola (semi-learned)
  • Old French: tiule
  • → Albanian: tjegull
  • → Andalusian Arabic: تاقرة (tāqra, “milking-pail”)
    • → Old Galician-Portuguese: tagra (“a liquid measure”)
    • → Old Spanish: tagara (“bowl”)
    • → Old Leonese: tagara, tagarra (“bowl”)
    • → Galician: tarro (“jar”)
    • → Portuguese: tarro (“pot; milking-pail”)
    • → Spanish: tarro (“jar; pot”)
      • → Moroccan Arabic: طارو (ṭārru, “garbage-can”)
  • → Moroccan Arabic: تاكرة (tāgra, “tajine”)
  • → Proto-Germanic: *tigulǭ (see there for further descendants)
  • → Hungarian: tégla
  • → English: tegula
  • → Greek: τούγλα (toúgla)
  • → Macedonian: тегла (tegla)
  • → Portuguese: tégula
  • → Serbo-Croatian: тегла (tegla)
  • → Slovak: tehla

References
  • “tegula”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • tegula in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • “tegula”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “tegula”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
  • Schuchardt, Hugo (1918) Die romanischen Lehnwörter im Berberischen (Sitzungsberichte der Wiener Akademie der Wissenschaften; 188, IVth treatise)‎ (in German), Wien: In Kommission bei Alfred Hölder, page 57
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