syngja

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse syngva, syngja, from Proto-Germanic *singwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sengʷʰ-.

Verb

syngja (third person singular past indicative sang, third person plural past indicative sungu, supine sungið)

  1. to sing

Conjugation
Conjugation of syngja (irregular)
infinitive syngja
supine sungið
participle (a26)1 syngjandi sungin
present past
first singular syngi sang
second singular syngur sang
third singular syngur sang
plural syngja sungu
imperative
singular syngj!
plural syngjið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse syngva, syngja, from Proto-Germanic *singwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sengʷʰ-.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈsiɲca/
  • Rhymes: -iɲca

Verb

syngja (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative söng, third-person plural past indicative sungu, supine sungið)

  1. (intransitive or transitive, with accusative) to sing
  2. (intransitive, of birds) to warble, to sing, to chirp
  3. to sound, to ring, to resound

Conjugation
syngja — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur)		 að syngja
supine
(sagnbót)		 sungið
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		 syngjandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur)		 subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð)		 ég syng við syngjum present
(nútíð)		 ég syngi við syngjum
þú syngur þið syngið þú syngir þið syngið
hann, hún, það syngur þeir, þær, þau syngja hann, hún, það syngi þeir, þær, þau syngi
past
(þátíð)		 ég söng við sungum past
(þátíð)		 ég syngi við syngjum
þú söngst þið sunguð þú syngir þið syngjuð
hann, hún, það söng þeir, þær, þau sungu hann, hún, það syngi þeir, þær, þau syngju
imperative
(boðháttur)		 syng (þú) syngið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
syngdu syngiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
sunginn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging)		 singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)		 masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)		 sunginn sungin sungið sungnir sungnar sungin
accusative
(þolfall)		 sunginn sungna sungið sungna sungnar sungin
dative
(þágufall)		 sungnum sunginni sungnu sungnum sungnum sungnum
genitive
(eignarfall)		 sungins sunginnar sungins sunginna sunginna sunginna
weak declension
(veik beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)		 masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)		 sungni sungna sungna sungnu sungnu sungnu
accusative
(þolfall)		 sungna sungnu sungna sungnu sungnu sungnu
dative
(þágufall)		 sungna sungnu sungna sungnu sungnu sungnu
genitive
(eignarfall)		 sungna sungnu sungna sungnu sungnu sungnu

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Norse syngva, syngja, from Proto-Germanic *singwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sengʷʰ-. Akin to English sing.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /²sʏɲ.ʝɑ/, /²sʏɲ.jɑ/

Verb

syngja (present tense syng, past tense song, past participle sunge, passive infinitive syngjast, present participle syngjande, imperative syng)

  1. to sing
    Eg har ikkje sunge denne songen på årevis.
    I haven't sung this song for years.
    • 1883, Arne Garborg, Bondestudentar‎, Bergen: Nygaard, page 1:
      Song ikkje kvar Fugl si Morgonsalma til Guds Æra?
      Didn't each bird sing its morning hymn to God's glory?
  2. echo, boom

Conjugation
Historical conjugation of syngja
infinitive present tense past tense supine
Aasen sg. syngja syng song sunget
pl. syngja sungo
2012 syngja, syngje, synga, synge syng song sunge

Forms in [brackets] were considered second-tier. Forms in (parentheses) were allowed under Midlandsnormalen.

References

Old Norse

Alternative forms

Etymology

From earlier syngva, from Proto-Germanic *singwaną.

Verb

syngja

  1. to sing

Conjugation
Conjugation of syngja — active (strong class 3)
infinitive syngja
present participle syngjandi
past participle sunginn
indicative present past
1st-person singular syng sǫng
2nd-person singular syngr sǫngt
3rd-person singular syngr sǫng
1st-person plural syngjum sungum
2nd-person plural syngið sunguð
3rd-person plural syngja sungu
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular syngja synga
2nd-person singular syngir syngir
3rd-person singular syngi syngi
1st-person plural syngim syngim
2nd-person plural syngið syngið
3rd-person plural syngi syngi
imperative present
2nd-person singular syng
1st-person plural syngjum
2nd-person plural syngið
Conjugation of syngja — mediopassive (strong class 3)
infinitive syngjask
present participle syngjandisk
past participle sungizk
indicative present past
1st-person singular syngjumk sungumk
2nd-person singular syngsk sǫngzk
3rd-person singular syngsk sǫngsk
1st-person plural syngjumsk sungumsk
2nd-person plural syngizk sunguzk
3rd-person plural syngjask sungusk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular syngjumk syngumk
2nd-person singular syngisk syngisk
3rd-person singular syngisk syngisk
1st-person plural syngimsk syngimsk
2nd-person plural syngizk syngizk
3rd-person plural syngisk syngisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular syngsk
1st-person plural syngjumsk
2nd-person plural syngizk

Descendants
  • Icelandic: syngja
  • Faroese: syngja
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: syngja
  • Jamtish: sjunge
  • Elfdalian: singga
  • Old Swedish: siunga
  • Danish: synge

References
  • “syngja”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
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