socius

English

Etymology

From Latin socius.

Noun

socius (plural socii)

  1. (historical) Any of the autonomous tribes and city states of the Italian Peninsula in permanent military alliance with the Roman Republic until the Social War of 91–88 BC.
  2. An associate; a fellow of an academy, etc.
  3. (sociology) According to Gilles Deleuze, a social body that takes credit for production.

Anagrams

Latin

Alternative forms
  • sokios (Old Latin)
  • sotius (Medieval)

Etymology

From Old Latin sokios. Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *sokʷ-h₂-y-ós (identical to Proto-Germanic *sagjaz), perhaps thematicized from collective *sokʷ-h₂-ōy (compare Sanskrit सखि (sákhi, “companion”)), ultimately from the root *sekʷ- (“to follow”).[1][2] Compare Faliscan socia (“girlfriend, companion”).

Pronunciation

Adjective

socius (feminine socia, neuter socium); first/second-declension adjective

  1. sharing, joining in, partaking, associated
  2. kindred, related, akin, ally
  3. leagued, allied, united, confederate

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative socius socia socium sociī sociae socia
Genitive sociī sociae sociī sociōrum sociārum sociōrum
Dative sociō sociō sociīs
Accusative socium sociam socium sociōs sociās socia
Ablative sociō sociā sociō sociīs
Vocative socie socia socium sociī sociae socia

Derived terms

Noun

socius m (genitive sociī or socī); second declension

  1. partner, sharer, associate
  2. companion, comrade
  3. ally; confederate

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative socius sociī
Genitive sociī
socī1		 sociōrum
Dative sociō sociīs
Accusative socium sociōs
Ablative sociō sociīs
Vocative socie sociī

1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Descendants
  • Eastern Romance:
    • Aromanian: sots
    • Romanian: soț
  • Italian: soccio
  • → Albanian: shok
  • → Catalan: soci
  • → English: socio-
  • → German: Sozius
  • → Italian: socio
  • → Portuguese: sócio
  • → Sicilian: sociu
  • → Spanish: socio
  • → Welsh: saig
  • ⇒ Latin: socia f

References
  • “socius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “socius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • socius in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • socius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to attach oneself to a person's society: socium se adiungere alicui
    • to admit a person into one's society: aliquem socium admittere
    • a political ally: consiliorum in re publica socius
    • to make some one one's ally: socium aliquem asciscere (B. G. 1. 5)
  • “socius”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
  • Notes:
  1. Miller, D. Gary (2006) Latin Suffixal Derivatives in English: and their Indo-European Ancestry, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 27 & 134
  2. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “socius”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 569–570
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.