quaken
See also: quäken
German
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkvaːkən/, [ˈkʰvaːkŋ]
Audio (file)
Verb
quaken (weak, third-person singular present quakt, past tense quakte, past participle gequakt, auxiliary haben)
Conjugation
infinitive | quaken | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | quakend | ||||
past participle | gequakt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich quake | wir quaken | i | ich quake | wir quaken |
du quakst | ihr quakt | du quakest | ihr quaket | ||
er quakt | sie quaken | er quake | sie quaken | ||
preterite | ich quakte | wir quakten | ii | ich quakte1 | wir quakten1 |
du quaktest | ihr quaktet | du quaktest1 | ihr quaktet1 | ||
er quakte | sie quakten | er quakte1 | sie quakten1 | ||
imperative | quak (du) quake (du) |
quakt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
References
- Friedrich Kluge (1883) “quaken”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
Middle English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old English cwacian (“to quake, tremble, chatter”), from Proto-West Germanic *kwakōn, from Proto-Germanic *kwakōną. See English quake for more.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkwaːkən/
Verb
quaken
Conjugation
Conjugation of quaken (weak in -ed or strong class 6)
infinitive | (to) quaken, quake | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | quake | quaked, quok | |
2nd-person singular | quakest | quakedest, quoke, quok | |
3rd-person singular | quaketh | quaked, quok | |
subjunctive singular | quake | quaked1, quoke1 | |
imperative singular | — | ||
plural2 | quaken, quake | quakeden, quakede, quoken, quoke | |
imperative plural | quaketh, quake | — | |
participles | quakynge, quakende | quaked, yquaked |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Descendants
- English: quake
- Scots: quak
References
- “quāken, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
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