punio

See also: punió

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From poena (“punishment, penalty”).

Pronunciation

Verb

pūniō (present infinitive pūnīre, perfect active pūnīvī or pūniī, supine pūnītum); fourth conjugation

  1. to punish
    Synonyms: multō, castīgō, expiō, obiūrgō, animadvertō, moneō, mulctō, ulcīscor, plēctō, exsequor
  2. to take vengeance, avenge
    Synonyms: persequor, ulcīscor, vindicō

Usage notes

The passive forms are often treated as a separate deponent verb pūnior, with an active meaning.

Conjugation
   Conjugation of pūniō (fourth conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present pūniō pūnīs pūnit pūnīmus pūnītis pūniunt
imperfect pūniēbam pūniēbās pūniēbat pūniēbāmus pūniēbātis pūniēbant
future pūniam pūniēs pūniet pūniēmus pūniētis pūnient
perfect pūnīvī,
pūniī		 pūnīvistī,
pūniistī		 pūnīvit,
pūniit		 pūnīvimus,
pūniimus		 pūnīvistis,
pūniistis		 pūnīvērunt,
pūnīvēre,
pūniērunt,
pūniēre
pluperfect pūnīveram,
pūnieram		 pūnīverās,
pūnierās		 pūnīverat,
pūnierat		 pūnīverāmus,
pūnierāmus		 pūnīverātis,
pūnierātis		 pūnīverant,
pūnierant
future perfect pūnīverō,
pūnierō		 pūnīveris,
pūnieris		 pūnīverit,
pūnierit		 pūnīverimus,
pūnierimus		 pūnīveritis,
pūnieritis		 pūnīverint,
pūnierint
passive present pūnior pūnīris,
pūnīre		 pūnītur pūnīmur pūnīminī pūniuntur
imperfect pūniēbar pūniēbāris,
pūniēbāre		 pūniēbātur pūniēbāmur pūniēbāminī pūniēbantur
future pūniar pūniēris,
pūniēre		 pūniētur pūniēmur pūniēminī pūnientur
perfect pūnītus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect pūnītus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect pūnītus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present pūniam pūniās pūniat pūniāmus pūniātis pūniant
imperfect pūnīrem pūnīrēs pūnīret pūnīrēmus pūnīrētis pūnīrent
perfect pūnīverim,
pūnierim		 pūnīverīs,
pūnierīs		 pūnīverit,
pūnierit		 pūnīverīmus,
pūnierīmus		 pūnīverītis,
pūnierītis		 pūnīverint,
pūnierint
pluperfect pūnīvissem,
pūniissem		 pūnīvissēs,
pūniissēs		 pūnīvisset,
pūniisset		 pūnīvissēmus,
pūniissēmus		 pūnīvissētis,
pūniissētis		 pūnīvissent,
pūniissent
passive present pūniar pūniāris,
pūniāre		 pūniātur pūniāmur pūniāminī pūniantur
imperfect pūnīrer pūnīrēris,
pūnīrēre		 pūnīrētur pūnīrēmur pūnīrēminī pūnīrentur
perfect pūnītus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect pūnītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — pūnī — — pūnīte —
future — pūnītō pūnītō — pūnītōte pūniuntō
passive present — pūnīre — — pūnīminī —
future — pūnītor pūnītor — — pūniuntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives pūnīre pūnīvisse,
pūniisse		 pūnītūrum esse pūnīrī pūnītum esse pūnītum īrī
participles pūniēns — pūnītūrus — pūnītus pūniendus,
pūniundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
pūniendī pūniendō pūniendum pūniendō pūnītum pūnītū

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Catalan: punir
  • Friulian: punî
  • Galician: punir
  • Italian: punire
  • Old French: punir
  • Old Occitan: punir
  • Piedmontese: punì
  • Portuguese: punir
  • Sardinian: punire
  • Sicilian: puniri
  • Spanish: punir

References
  • “punio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “punio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • punio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) to punish some one: punire aliquem

Neapolitan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin pugnus.

Noun

punio m (plural punie or ponie)

  1. fist
  2. punch

References
  • Giacco, Giuseppe (2003) “punio”, in Schedario Napoletano
  • Rocco, Emmanuele (1882) Vocabolario del dialetto napolitano
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