prisoner

English

Etymology

From Middle English prisoner, from Old French prisonier (compare Medieval Latin prisōnārius), equivalent to prison +‎ -er.

Pronunciation

(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈpɹɪzənə/, /ˈpɹɪznə/
(General American, Canada) IPA^(key): /ˈpɹɪzənɚ/
Audio (GA) (file)
Hyphenation: pri‧son‧er

Noun

prisoner (plural prisoners)

A person incarcerated in a prison, while on trial or serving a sentence.
Synonym: jailbird
Any person held against their will.
- c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:
  And gainſt the General we will lift our ſwords / And either lanch his greedie thirſting throat, / Or take him priſoner, and his chaine ſhall ſerue / For Manackles, till he be ranſom’d home.
- 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
  Captain Edward Carlisle, soldier as he was, martinet as he was, felt a curious sensation of helplessness seize upon him as he met her steady gaze, her alluring smile ; he could not tell what this prisoner might do.
A person who is or feels confined or trapped by a situation or a set of circumstances.
I am no longer a prisoner to fear, for I am a child of God.

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

person incarcerated in a prison

Albanian: i burgosur (sq), i burgosun (sq) (Gheg), rob (sq) m
Arabic: سَجِين m (sajīn), سَجِينَة f (sajīna), مَحْبُوس m (maḥbūs), مَحْبُوسَة f (maḥbūsa)
Armenian: բանտարկյալ (hy) (bantarkyal)
Asturian: presu m, prisioneru m
Azerbaijani: məhbus (az), əsir (az)
Belarusian: вя́зень m (vjázjenʹ), зняво́лены m (znjavóljeny), арышта́нт m (aryštánt), арышта́нтка f (aryštántka)
Bengali: বন্দী (bondi), জিন্দানবাসী (zindanbaśī)
Breton: prizoniad (br) m
Bulgarian: затво́рник (bg) m (zatvórnik), затво́рничка f (zatvórnička), затво́рница f (zatvórnica)
Burmese: ထောင်သား (my) (htaungsa:)
Catalan: pres (ca) m, presoner (ca) m
Cebuano: bilanggo
Chinese:
Mandarin: 囚犯 (zh) (qiúfàn)
Czech: vězeň (cs) m, vězeňkyně f
Danish: fange (da) c
Dutch: gevangene (nl) m or f
Egyptian:

(ḫnr)
Esperanto: malliberulo, kaptito, prizonulo
Estonian: vang (et), karistatu
Faroese: fangi m
Finnish: vanki (fi)
French: prisonnier (fr) m, prisonnière (fr) f
Galician: preso (gl) m, prisioneiro (gl) m
Georgian: პატიმარი (ṗaṭimari), ტუსაღი (ṭusaɣi)
German: Gefangener (de) m, Gefangene (de) f, Häftling (de) m, Strafgefangener (de) m
Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌾𐌰 m (bandja)
Greek: κρατούμενος (el) m (kratoúmenos), φυλακισμένος (el) m (fylakisménos)
Ancient: δεσμώτης m (desmṓtēs)
Hebrew: אָסִיר (he) m (asír), אֲסִירָה f (asirá)
Hiligaynon: bilanggo
Hindi: बंदी (hi) m (bandī), क़ैदी m (qaidī), बद्धक (hi) m (baddhak)
Hungarian: rab (hu), fogoly (hu)
Icelandic: fangi (is) m, bandingi (is) m
Ilocano: balud
Indonesian: tahanan (id)
Irish: cime m, príosúnach m
Italian: prigioniero (it) m, prigioniera (it) f
Japanese: 囚人 (ja) (しゅうじん, shūjin), 捕虜 (ja) (ほりょ, horyo) (prisoner of war)
Jarai: mơnă
Kazakh: қамалған (qamalğan), қамалушы (qamaluşy), қорытылған (qorytylğan), тұтқын (kk) (tūtqyn)
Khmer: អ្នកទោស (nĕək tooh), មនុស្សទោស (mɔnuh tooh), ឈ្លើយ (km) (chləəy)
Korean: 죄수(罪囚) (ko) (joesu), 죄인(罪人) (ko) (joein), 수감자(收監者) (ko) (sugamja), 재소자(在所者) (ko) (jaesoja), 기결수(旣決囚) (ko) (gigyeolsu)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: girtî (ku), zindanî (ku), êsîr (ku), dîl (ku), bendî (ku)
Kyrgyz: камалуучу (kamaluucu), туткун (ky) (tutkun)
Lao: ນັກໂທດ (nak thōt), ຊະເລີຍ (sa lœ̄i)
Latin: captus (la) m
Latvian: ieslodzītais m, cietumnieks m, gūsteknis m
Lithuanian: kalinys m
Luxembourgish: Prisonnéier m, Gefaangenen m
Macedonian: затвореник m (zatvorenik), затвореничка f (zatvorenička), затвореница f (zatvorenica)
Malay: banduan (ms)
Malayalam: തടവുപുള്ളി (taṭavupuḷḷi), തടവുകാരൻ m (taṭavukāraṉ)
Maltese: priġunier m, maqbud m
Maori: herehere
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: хоригдол (mn) (xorigdol), хоригдогч (mn) (xorigdogč)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: fange (no) m
Occitan: presonièr (oc) m
Old English: rǣpling m
Old Norse: bandingi m
Pashto: بندي (ps) m (bandí), اسير (ps) m (asír)
Persian: زندانی (fa) (zendâni), بندی (fa) (bandi), اسیر (fa) (asir), محبوس (fa) (mahbus)
Plautdietsch: Jefangna m
Polish: więzień (pl) m, więźniarka (pl) f
Portuguese: prisioneiro (pt) m, preso (pt) m
Romanian: pușcăriaș (ro) m, prizonier (ro) m
Russian: заключённый (ru) m (zaključónnyj), заключённая (ru) m (zaključónnaja), ареста́нт (ru) m (arestánt), ареста́нтка (ru) f (arestántka)
Sanskrit: see Thesaurus:बन्दिन्
Scottish Gaelic: prìosanach m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: затворѐнӣк m, затворѐница f, ка̏жњенӣк m, заробљѐнӣк m, заробљѐница f

Roman: zatvorènīk (sh) m, zatvorènica (sh) f, kȁžnjenīk (sh) m, zarobljènīk (sh) m, zarobljènica (sh) f
Slovak: väzeň m, väzeňkyňa f
Slovene: zapornik (sl) m, zapornica f, jetnik m, jetnica f
Spanish: prisionero (es) m, preso (es) m
Swahili: mahabusu (sw), mfungwa (sw)
Swedish: fånge (sv) c, fängelsekund c, intern (sv) c
Tagalog: bilanggo (tl), kalabos
Tajik: маҳбус (mahbus), зиндони (zindoni), асир (tg) (asir)
Tamil: கைதி (ta) (kaiti)
Telugu: ఖైదీ (te) (khaidī)
Thai: นักโทษ (th) (nák-tôot), เชลย (th) (chá-ləəi)
Tibetan: བཙོན་པ (btson pa)
Turkish: mahkum (tr), mahpus (tr), esir (tr)
Turkmen: tussag, ýesir
Tuvan: кара-бажыңнаттырган (kara-bajıñnattırgan)
Ukrainian: в'я́зень (uk) m (vʺjázenʹ), арешта́нт (uk) m (areštánt), арешта́нтка (uk) f (areštántka)
Urdu: قیدی m (qaidī), بندی m (bandī)
Uzbek: mahbus (uz), bandi (uz), asir (uz), mahkum (uz)
Vietnamese: tù nhân
Volapük: (♂♀) fanäböpäb, (♂) hifanäböpäb, (♀) jifanäböpäb, fanäb (vo)
Yiddish: אַרעסטאַנט m (arestant)

figurative: any person held against his or her will

Asturian: presu m, prisioneru m
Belarusian: вя́зень m (vjázjenʹ), пало́ннік m (palónnik), пало́нніца f (palónnica), няво́льнік m (njavólʹnik), няво́льніца f (njavólʹnica), пало́нны m (palónny), пало́нная f (palónnaja)
Bulgarian: пле́нник (bg) m (plénnik), пле́нничка f (plénnička), пле́нница f (plénnica)
Catalan: pres (ca) m, presoner (ca) m
Cherokee: ᎠᏴᎩ (ayvgi)
Czech: zajatec (cs) m, zajatkyně f, vězeň (cs) m, vězeňkyně f
Finnish: vanki (fi)
French: prisonnier (fr) m, prisonnière (fr) f
Galician: preso (gl) m, prisioneiro (gl) m
German: Gefangener (de) m, Gefangene (de) f
Greek: κρατούμενος (el) m (kratoúmenos), φυλακισμένος (el) m (fylakisménos), δέσμιος (el) m (désmios)
Irish: príosúnach m
Japanese: とりこ (ja) (toriko)
Plautdietsch: Jefangna m
Polish: jeniec (pl) m
Portuguese: prisioneiro (pt) m, preso (pt) m
Russian: пле́нный (ru) m (plénnyj), пле́нная (ru) f (plénnaja) esp. POW, пле́нник (ru) m (plénnik), пле́нница (ru) f (plénnica), у́зник (ru) m (úznik), у́зница (ru) f (úznica)
Scottish Gaelic: prìosanach
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: заробљѐнӣк m, заробљѐница f, у̏знӣк m, у̏зница f

Roman: zarobljènīk (sh) m, zarobljènica (sh) f, ȕznīk (sh) m, ȕznica (sh) f
Slovak: zajatec m, zajatkyňa f, väzeň m, väzeňkyňa f
Slovene: ujetnik (sl) m, ujetnica f
Spanish: prisionero (es) m, preso (es) m
Swedish: fånge (sv) c
Turkish: esir (tr), tutsak (tr)
Ukrainian: в'я́зень (uk) m (vʺjázenʹ), полоне́ник m (polonényk), полоня́нин m (polonjányn), полоня́нка f (polonjánka), бра́нець (uk) m (bránecʹ), бра́нка (uk) f (bránka), полоне́ний m (polonényj), полоне́на f (polonéna)
Volapük: (♂♀) fanäban, (♂) hifanäban, (♀) jifanäban

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Icelandic: ^{(please verify)} fangi (is) m
Italian: ^{(please verify)} prigioniero (it) m
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: ^{(please verify)} بەندی (bendî)
Norwegian: ^{(please verify)} fange (no)
Old English: ^{(please verify)} hæft
Spanish: ^{(please verify)} preso (es) m

Anagrams

Perrinos, erpornis

Middle English

Etymology 1

Form prisounen +‎ -er.

Noun

prisoner (plural prisoners)

one who imprisons (others); a jailer

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Old French prisonier; equivalent to prisoun +‎ -er.

Alternative forms

prisonere, prysonere, prysoner, presoner
(Cornwall) prisner

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /prizuˈneːr/, /ˈprizunər/

Noun

prisoner (plural prisoners or prisoneres)

Descendants

English: prisoner

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