penitus

Latin

Etymology 1

From the root of penus (“food, provisions”) and penes (“in the control of”).[1] De Vaan reconstructs an extended stem *pen-et- as the source of penes, penitus and penetrō. The adverb appears to be formed as pen-o-/pen-u- (root of the noun penus) +‎ -tus (adverb-forming suffix).[2]

Pronunciation

Adverb

penitus (not comparable)

  1. inwardly, inside
    Synonyms: intrō, intrā
    Antonyms: forās, forīs, extrīnsecus
  2. (from) within
  3. thoroughly, (not) at all
    Synonyms: omnīnō, prorsus, funditus
  4. within, far, far down, far away, deeply
    Synonym: altē
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.509–512:
      cum subitō Aenēās concursū accēdere magnō
      Anthea Sergestumque videt fortemque Cloanthum,
      Teucrōrumque aliōs, āter quōs aequore turbō
      dispulerat penitusque aliās āvēxerat ōrās.
      When suddenly Aeneas sees, approaching through the massive assembly, Antheus, Sergestus, and brave Cloanthus, and other Trojans, whom the dark whirlwind had scattered in the sea and had carried far away to other shores.
Derived terms

Adjective

penitus (feminine penita, neuter penitum, comparative penitior, superlative penitissimus); first/second-declension adjective

  1. inner, inward
Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative penitus penita penitum penitī penitae penita
Genitive penitī penitae penitī penitōrum penitārum penitōrum
Dative penitō penitō penitīs
Accusative penitum penitam penitum penitōs penitās penita
Ablative penitō penitā penitō penitīs
Vocative penite penita penitum penitī penitae penita

Etymology 2

From pēnis (“tail”) +‎ -ītus.

Pronunciation

Adjective

pēnītus (feminine pēnīta, neuter pēnītum); first/second-declension adjective

  1. (rare) having a tail
    Synonym: caudātus
Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative pēnītus pēnīta pēnītum pēnītī pēnītae pēnīta
Genitive pēnītī pēnītae pēnītī pēnītōrum pēnītārum pēnītōrum
Dative pēnītō pēnītō pēnītīs
Accusative pēnītum pēnītam pēnītum pēnītōs pēnītās pēnīta
Ablative pēnītō pēnītā pēnītō pēnītīs
Vocative pēnīte pēnīta pēnītum pēnītī pēnītae pēnīta

References
  1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “penus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 458-459
  2. Rosén, H. (2007). "A Latin adverbialization: -(i)tus from separative-locative to manner adverb." Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics, 120, 215–230. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40849301

Further reading
  • “penitus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “penitus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • penitus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • a thing has been vividly impressed on our[TR1] memory: aliquid in memoria nostra penitus insidet
    • to have a thorough grasp of a subject: penitus percipere et comprehendere aliquid (De Or. 1. 23. 108)
    • a thing is deeply impressed on the mind: aliquid in animo haeret, penitus insedit or infixum est
    • to impress a thing on one's memory, mind: aliquid animo mentique penitus mandare (Catil. 1. 11. 27)
    • to be well acquainted with the views of philosophers: praecepta philosophorum (penitus) percepta habere
    • he is in a suspicious mood: suspicio ei penitus inhaeret
    • to destroy superstition root and branch: superstitionem radicitus or penitus evellere
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