pelgama
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *pelgäit'äk, derived from Proto-Uralic *pele- of identical meaning (whence e.g. Northern Sami ballat and Hungarian fél). Cognate to Finnish pelätä. Possibly a loan from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₁-. Compare Old English fæla (“to frighten”).
Conjugation
Conjugation of pelgama (ÕS type 29/hüppama, lg-lj gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | pelgan | ei pelga | 1st sing. | olen peljanud | ei ole peljanud pole peljanud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | pelgad | 2nd sing. | oled peljanud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | pelgab | 3rd sing. | on peljanud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | pelgame | 1st plur. | oleme peljanud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | pelgate | 2nd plur. | olete peljanud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | pelgavad | 3rd plur. | on peljanud | ||||||
| passive | peljatakse | ei peljata | passive | on peljatud | ei ole peljatud pole peljatud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | pelgasin | ei peljanud | 1st sing. | olin peljanud | ei olnud peljanud polnud peljanud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | pelgasid | 2nd sing. | olid peljanud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | pelgas | 3rd sing. | oli peljanud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | pelgasime | 1st plur. | olime peljanud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | pelgasite | 2nd plur. | olite peljanud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | pelgasid | 3rd plur. | oli peljanud | ||||||
| passive | peljati | ei peljatud | passive | oli peljatud | ei olnud peljatud polnud peljatud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | pelgaksin | ei pelgaks | 1st sing. | peljanuksin oleksin peljanud |
ei peljanuks ei oleks peljanud poleks peljanud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | pelgaksid | 2nd sing. | peljanuksid oleksid peljanud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | pelgaks | 3rd sing. | peljanuks oleks peljanud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | pelgaksime | 1st plur. | peljanuksime oleksime peljanud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | pelgaksite | 2nd plur. | peljanuksite oleksite peljanud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | pelgaksid | 3rd plur. | peljanuksid oleksid peljanud | ||||||
| passive | peljataks | ei peljataks | passive | oleks peljatud | ei oleks peljatud poleks peljatud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | pelga | ära pelga | 2nd sing. | ole peljanud | ära ole peljanud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | peljaku | ärgu peljaku | 3rd sing. | olgu peljanud | ärgu olgu peljanud | ||||
| 1st plur. | peljakem | ärme pelgame ärme pelga ärgem peljakem |
1st plur. | olgem peljanud | ärme oleme peljanud ärme ole peljanud ärgem olgem peljanud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | peljake | ärge peljake | 2nd plur. | olge peljanud | ärge olge peljanud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | peljaku | ärgu peljaku | 3rd plur. | olgu peljanud | ärgu olgu peljanud | ||||
| passive | peljatagu | ärgu peljatagu | passive | olgu peljatud | ärgu olgu peljatud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | pelgavat | ei pelgavat | active | olevat peljanud | ei olevat peljanud polevat peljanud | ||||
| passive | peljatavat | ei peljatavat | passive | olevat peljatud | ei olevat peljatud polevat peljatud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | pelgama | peljatama | nominative | peljata | olla peljanud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | peljates | olles peljanud | |||||
| inessive | pelgamas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | pelgamast | present | pelgav | peljatav | |||||
| translative | pelgamaks | past | peljanud | peljatud | |||||
| abessive | pelgamata | negative | pelgamatu | — | |||||
Derived terms
- pelglik
- pelgus
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