ná
Hokkien
For pronunciation and definitions of ná – see 哪 (“which; what; any; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 哪). |
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /nauː/
- Rhymes: -auː
Verb
ná
Conjugation
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Anagrams
Irish
Particle
ná
- don’t (particle used to introduce a negative imperative; triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)
- Ná déan sin.
- Don’t do that.
- Ná habair é.
- Don’t mention it.
- may...not (particle used with raibh, the present subjunctive of bí, to introduce a negative wish)
- Dealbh ná raibh tú.
- May you never be destitute.
- (Munster) Alternative form of nach (“not”) (in questions; triggers h-prothesis; used with the dependent form of an irregular verb if there is one)
- Ná fuil ocras ort?
- Are you not hungry?
- Chonac í, ná facas?
- I saw her, didn’t I?
Conjunction
ná (triggers h-prothesis, used with the dependent form of an irregular verb if there is one)
Conjunction
ná
- nor
- Níl deartháir ná deirfiúr agam.
- I have neither brother nor sister.
- used between two identical or similar words to intensify a negative
- Ní fhaca sí solas ná solas.
- She saw no light whatsoever.
- (literally, “She didn’t see light or light).”)
Etymology 3
From Old Irish indás (“than (it) is”).
Alternative forms
- ioná (archaic)
- 'ná (superseded)
Conjunction
ná (triggers h-prothesis)
- than
- Is airde Máire ná Peadar.
- Mary is taller than Peter.
- but (used rhetorically in direct and indirect questions)
- Cé a bhí ina shuí ann ná m’athair féin?
- Who was sitting there but my own father?
- used to connect a predicate noun to its subject in a cleft sentence introduced by a copular form
- Is é a dúirt sé ná gur dhíol sé a ríomhaire lena chara.
- What he said was that he sold his computer to his friend.
- 1907, Peadar Ua Laoghaire, Séadna, page 6:
- Bhí fear ann fad ó agus isé ainim a bhí air ’ná Séadna.
- Once upon a time there was a man and the name that he had was Séadna.
Derived terms
- ná go, ná gur (“but that”)
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ná”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “ná” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 87
- Entries containing “ná” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Mandarin
Alternative forms
- na — nonstandard
Pronunciation
audio (file)
Romanization
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嗱
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 拏/拿
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 拿
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 挏
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 訣/诀
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 誽/𰵵
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鎿/镎
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 镎
Navajo
Postposition
ná
Northern Sami
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈnaː/
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne. The vowel was originally short.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n͈aː/
Particle
ná
- don’t, let…not (particle used to introduce a negative imperative; triggers /h/-prothesis of a following vowel)
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 22b26
- Ná bíth i cobadlus doïb, ar atá torad la gnímu soilse .i. praemia aeterna ní ḟil immurgu acht infructuosa.
- Do not be in fellowship with them, for there is fruit with works of light, i.e. praemia aeterna. There is nothing [with works of darkness], however, save infructuosa.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 25c6
- Hóre ammi maicc laí et soilse, ná seichem nahísiu.
- Since we are children of day and light, let us not follow these things.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 55a1
- Ná déne ainmnit.
- Do not show patience.
- (literally, “Do not do patience.”)
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 22b26
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*ne, *ni, *nī”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 286
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 ná, na”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Norse
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *nēhwāną, related to (or derived from) Proto-Germanic *nēhwaz (“near”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”).
Conjugation
infinitive | ná | |
---|---|---|
present participle | nándi, náandi | |
past participle | náðr | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | nái | náða |
2nd-person singular | náir | náðir |
3rd-person singular | náir | náði |
1st-person plural | nám | náðum |
2nd-person plural | náið | náðuð |
3rd-person plural | ná | náðu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | ná | næða |
2nd-person singular | náir | næðir |
3rd-person singular | nái | næði |
1st-person plural | náim | næðim |
2nd-person plural | náið | næðið |
3rd-person plural | nái | næði |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | ná | |
1st-person plural | nám | |
2nd-person plural | náið |
infinitive | násk | |
---|---|---|
present participle | nándisk, náandisk | |
past participle | názk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | námk | náðumk |
2nd-person singular | náisk | náðisk |
3rd-person singular | náisk | náðisk |
1st-person plural | námsk | náðumsk |
2nd-person plural | náizk | náðuzk |
3rd-person plural | násk | náðusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | námk | næðumk |
2nd-person singular | náisk | næðisk |
3rd-person singular | náisk | næðisk |
1st-person plural | náimsk | næðimsk |
2nd-person plural | náizk | næðizk |
3rd-person plural | náisk | næðisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | násk | |
1st-person plural | námsk | |
2nd-person plural | náizk |
Descendants
References
- ná in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.
Portuguese
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈna/ [ˈna]
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: ná
Tày
Pronunciation
- (Thạch An – Tràng Định) IPA(key): [naː˧˥]
- (Trùng Khánh) IPA(key): [naː˦]
Adverb
ná
- not (negates meaning of verb)
- ná chin ― not eat
- ná chắc ― not know
- slon lụ ná ― study or not
References
- Hoàng Văn Ma, Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Chí (2006) Từ điển Tày-Nùng-Việt [Tay-Nung-Vietnamese dictionary] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Từ điển Bách khoa Hà Nội
- Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary] (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên
- Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
Vietnamese
Etymology
From Proto-Vietic *s-naːʔ (“crossbow”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *snaʔ (“crossbow”). Cognate with Thavung ซะน่า, Khmer ស្នា (snaa), Koho söna. Doublet of nỏ.
Pain (2020) tentatively considered this to be a Chinese loan, from 弩 (OC *C.nˤaʔ) (B-S) (SV: nỗ), into Austroasiatic and Tai languages, likely through proto-Vietic.[1]
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [naː˧˦]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [naː˨˩˦]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [naː˦˥]
Noun
Derived terms
- chạc ná
- chạng ná
- giàn ná