helpen
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch helpen, from Old Dutch helpan, from Proto-West Germanic *helpan, from Proto-Germanic *helpaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɦɛl.pə(n)/
audio (file) - Hyphenation: hel‧pen
- Rhymes: -ɛlpən
Verb
helpen
- (transitive) to help
- Wie mag ik helpen? ― Whom may I help?
- (transitive) to provide, to supply [+ aan (with)]
- Bedankt dat je mij aan dat truitje hebt geholpen! ― Thanks for getting me that sweater!
- (transitive) to get hooked, to cause (someone) to be very keen (on), addicted or depended [+ aan (to)]
- Die vriendengroup had haar aan de drank geholpen. ― That circle of friends got her addicted to alcohol.
Inflection
Conjugation of helpen (strong class 3+7) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | helpen | |||
past singular | hielp | |||
past participle | geholpen | |||
infinitive | helpen | |||
gerund | helpen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | help | hielp | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | helpt | hielp | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | helpt | hielp | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | helpt | hielpt | ||
3rd person singular | helpt | hielp | ||
plural | helpen | hielpen | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | helpe | hielpe | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | helpen | hielpen | ||
imperative sing. | help | |||
imperative plur.1 | helpt | |||
participles | helpend | geholpen | ||
1) Archaic. |
Derived terms
Related terms
Low German
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch helpan, from Proto-West Germanic *helpan, from Proto-Germanic *helpaną.
Inflection
Strong class 3 | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | helpen | |
3rd sg. past | halp | |
3rd pl. past | holpen | |
Past participle | geholpen | |
Infinitive | helpen | |
In genitive | helpens | |
In dative | helpene | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | helpe | halp |
2nd singular | helps, helpes | holps, holpes |
3rd singular | helpt, helpet | halp |
1st plural | helpen | holpen |
2nd plural | helpt, helpet | holpt, holpet |
3rd plural | helpen | holpen |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | helpe | holpe |
2nd singular | helps, helpes | holpes |
3rd singular | helpe | holpe |
1st plural | helpen | holpen |
2nd plural | helpt, helpet | holpet |
3rd plural | helpen | holpen |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | help, helpe | |
Plural | helpt, helpet | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | helpende | geholpen |
Descendants
Further reading
- “helpen”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “helpen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Middle English
Etymology
From Old English helpan, from Proto-West Germanic *helpan, from Proto-Germanic *helpaną.
Verb
helpen (third-person singular simple present helpeth, present participle helpende, first-/third-person singular past indicative holp, past participle holpen)
- to help
- 14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue: 15-18.
- And specially from every shires ende
Of Engelond to Caunterbury they wende,
The hooly blisful martir for to seke,
That hem hath holpen whan that they were seeke.- And specially from every shire's end
Of England to Canterbury they travel,
To seek the holy blessed martyr,
Who helped them when they were sick.
- And specially from every shire's end
- 14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue: 15-18.
Conjugation
Conjugation of helpen (strong class 3)
infinitive | (to) helpen, helpe | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | helpe | halp | |
2nd-person singular | helpest | holpe, halp | |
3rd-person singular | helpeth | halp | |
subjunctive singular | helpe | holpe1 | |
imperative singular | — | ||
plural2 | helpen, helpe | holpen, holpe | |
imperative plural | helpeth, helpe | — | |
participles | helpynge, helpende | holpen, holpe, yholpen, yholpe |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Derived terms
References
- “helpen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Middle Low German
Etymology
From Old Saxon helpan (“to help”), from Proto-West Germanic *helpan, from Proto-Germanic *helpaną. Cognate with English helpan, Dutch helpen and German helfen.
Pronunciation
- (originally) IPA(key): /hɛlpən/
Conjugation
Conjugation of helpen as a class 3b strong verb
Plain Infinitive | helpen | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Full Infinitive (Gerund) | tô helpene or tô helpende | |||
Verbal Noun | helpen or helpent | |||
Participles | Imperatives | |||
Present | helpende | 2nd Person Singular | help | |
Past | gehulpen | 2nd Person Plural | helpet | |
Indicative | Subjunctive | |||
Present | Preterite | Present | Preterite | |
1st Person Singular | helpe | halp | helpe | hülpe |
2nd Person Singular | helpest or helpst | hulpest or hülpest | helpest | hülpest |
3rd Person Singular | helpet or helpt | halp | helpet | hülpe |
Plural | helpen (helpet?) | hulpen or hülpen | helpen | hülpen |
West Frisian
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