gunung
Brunei Malay
Etymology
From Proto-Malayic *gunuŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gunuŋ. Cognate with Malay gunung (“mountain”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡunuŋ/
- Hyphenation: gu‧nung
Coordinate terms
- bukit (“hill”)
Indonesian
Alternative forms
- goenoeng (pre-1947)
Etymology
From Malay gunung, from Classical Malay gunung, from Proto-Malayic *gunuŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gunuŋ. Cognate of Javanese ꦒꦸꦤꦸꦁ (gunung), Sundanese ᮌᮥᮔᮥᮀ (gunung).
Pronunciation
Audio (file) - IPA(key): /ˈɡunuŋ/, [ˈɡu.nʊŋ]
- Hyphenation: gu‧nung
Noun
gunung (first-person possessive gunungku, second-person possessive gunungmu, third-person possessive gunungnya)
Derived terms
- bergunung-gunung
- gunung-ganang
- gunung-gemunung
- gunung-gunungan
- gunungan
- menggunung
- pegunungan
- pergunungan
Further reading
- “gunung” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Javanese
Malay
gunung dilitupi salji
Etymology
From Proto-Malayic *gunuŋ from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gunuŋ (compare Javanese ꦒꦸꦤꦸꦁ (gunung), Sundanese ᮌᮥᮔᮥᮀ (gunung)).
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -uŋ
- (Johor-Selangor, Riau-Lingga) IPA(key): /ˈɡunoŋ/, [ˈɡu.noŋ]
- (Northern Peninsular Malay) IPA(key): /ˈɡunuŋ/, [ˈɡu.nuŋ]
- Hyphenation: gu‧nung
- Rhymes: -unuŋ
Noun
gunung (Jawi spelling ݢونوڠ, plural gunung-ganang, informal 1st possessive gunungku, 2nd possessive gunungmu, 3rd possessive gunungnya)
- mountain (large mass of earth and rock)
Derived terms
Affixed terms and other derivations
Regular affixed derivations:
- menggunung [agent focus] (meN-)
- menggunungan [agent focus + timespan / emotion] (meN- + -an)
- pergunungan [causative passive + timespan / emotion] (peR- + -an)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
- bergunung-gunung (“mountainous”)
- gegunungan (“artificial mound; small hill”)
- gunung-gemunung (“mountain range; plural form of gunung”)
- gunung berapi (“volcano”)
- gunung-ganang (“plural form of gunung”)
References
- Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “ݢونڠ goenoeng”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 109
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “ݢونڠ gunong”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 583
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “gunong”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, pages 381-2
Further reading
- “gunung” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Old Javanese
Sundanese
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