gabh

See also: gábh

Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Irish gaibid (“grasp; receive”), from Proto-Celtic *gabyeti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ-. Cognate with English habit.

Pronunciation

Verb

gabh (present analytic gabhann, future analytic gabhfaidh, verbal noun gabháil, past participle gafa)

  1. (transitive) take
  2. (transitive) arrest (take into legal custody)
  3. (intransitive) go
  4. (intransitive) come

Usage notes
  • In Connemara, the future, conditional, and second-person singular imperative of this verb supply forms of téigh. In Ulster, the entire imperative supplies alternative forms of both tar (“come”) and téigh (“go”).

Conjugation
conjugation of gabh (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present gabhaim gabhann tú;
gabhair†		 gabhann sé, sí gabhaimid gabhann sibh gabhann siad;
gabhaid†		 a ghabhann; a ghabhas /
a ngabhann*; a ngabhas*		 gabhtar
past ghabh mé;
ghabhas		 ghabh tú;
ghabhais		 ghabh sé, sí ghabhamar;
ghabh muid		 ghabh sibh;
ghabhabhair		 ghabh siad;
ghabhadar		 a ghabh /
ar ghabh*		 gabhadh
past habitual ghabhainn ghabhtá ghabhadh sé, sí ghabhaimis;
ghabhadh muid		 ghabhadh sibh ghabhaidís;
ghabhadh siad		 a ghabhadh /
ar ghabhadh*		 ghabhtaí
future gabhfaidh mé;
gabhfad		 gabhfaidh tú;
gabhfair†		 gabhfaidh sé, sí gabhfaimid;
gabhfaidh muid		 gabhfaidh sibh gabhfaidh siad;
gabhfaid†		 a ghabhfaidh; a ghabhfas /
a ngabhfaidh*; a ngabhfas*		 gabhfar
conditional ghabhfainn / ngabhfainn‡‡ ghabhfá / ngabhfᇇ ghabhfadh sé, sí / ngabhfadh sé, s퇇 ghabhfaimis;
ghabhfadh muid / ngabhfaimis‡‡; ngabhfadh‡‡ muid		 ghabhfadh sibh / ngabhfadh sibh‡‡ ghabhfaidís;
ghabhfadh siad / ngabhfaidís‡‡ / ngabhfadh siad‡‡		 a ghabhfadh /
ar ghabhfadh*		 ghabhfaí / ngabhfa퇇
subjunctive present go ngabha mé;
go ngabhad†		 go ngabha tú;
go ngabhair†		 go ngabha sé, sí go ngabhaimid;
go ngabha muid		 go ngabha sibh go ngabha siad;
go ngabhaid†		 — go ngabhtar
past dá ngabhainn dá ngabhtá dá ngabhadh sé, sí dá ngabhaimis;
dá ngabhadh muid		 dá ngabhadh sibh dá ngabhaidís;
dá ngabhadh siad		 — dá ngabhtaí
imperative gabhaim gabh gabhadh sé, sí gabhaimis gabhaigí;
gabhaidh†		 gabhaidís — gabhtar
verbal noun gabháil
past participle gafa

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

in older literary language and some parts of Munster, alternative future and conditional forms (identical to the independent future/conditional forms of faigh, but without lenition in the future) are found:

singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
future geobhaidh mé;
geobhad		 geobhaidh tú;
geobhair†		 geobhaidh sé, sí geobhaimíd geobhaidh sibh geobhaidh siad;
geobhaid		 a gheobhaidh, a gheobhas /
a ngeobhaidh*, a ngeobhas*		 geofar
conditional gheobhainn / ngeobhainn‡‡ gheofá / ngeofᇇ gheobhadh sé, sí / ngeobhadh sé, s퇇 gheobhaimís / ngeobhaimís‡‡ gheobhadh sibh / ngeobhadh sibh‡‡ gheobhaidís / ngeobhaidís‡‡ a gheobhadh /
ar gheobhadh*		 gheofaí / ngeofa퇇

Derived terms

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
gabh ghabh ngabh
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish gaibid (“grasp; receive”), from Proto-Celtic *gabyeti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ-.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kav/, /ka/, /kɔ/

Verb

gabh (past ghabh, future gabhaidh, verbal noun gabhail, past participle gabhte)

  1. take, accept, receive, have
    Gabh cupa tì. ― Have/take a cup of tea.
  2. contain, hold
  3. sing, say, give, deliver, perform
    Gabh òran! ― Give [us] a song!
  4. get infected
  5. assume, pretend
  6. burn, kindle, ferment
  7. undertake, endeavour, be concerned with
  8. arrange
  9. can
    Cha ghabh sin a dhèanamh. ― That can't be done.
    cho teth 's a ghabhas ― as hot as possible
  10. must, be compelled to
  11. enlist, engage as a servant
  12. make secure
  13. entertain, treat
  14. acknowledge
  15. worry
  16. conceive, become pregnant
  17. beat, belabour
  18. betake, repair, proceed, go (motion)
  19. rest

Derived terms

References
  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “gabh”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “gaibid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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