< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/gabyeti
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ-. Compare the verbal noun *gabaglā.
Inflection
The conjugation was extensively remodeled in Insular Celtic to shed the aberrant root allomorph *gax-.
| Thematic present, s-preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *gabyū | *gabyemam | ? | *gaxsam |
| 2nd singular | *gabyesi | *gabyetās | ? | *gaxss |
| 3rd singular | *gabyeti | *gabyeto | ? | *gaxst |
| 1st plural | *gabyomosi | *gabyemo | ? | *gaxsme |
| 2nd plural | *gabyetesi | *gabyestē | ? | *gaxste |
| 3rd plural | *gabyonti | *gabyento | ? | *gaxsant |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *gaxsū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *gaxsesi | ? | *gabye | |
| 3rd singular | *gaxseti | ? | *gabyetou | |
| 1st plural | *gaxsomosi | ? | *gabyomos | |
| 2nd plural | *gaxsetesi | ? | *gabyete | |
| 3rd plural | *gaxsonti | ? | *gabyontou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *gabyūr | — | ? | — |
| 2nd singular | *gabyetar | — | ? | — |
| 3rd singular | *gabyetor | ? | ? | — |
| 1st plural | *gabyommor | — | ? | — |
| 2nd plural | *gabyedwe | — | ? | — |
| 3rd plural | *gabyontor | ? | ? | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *gaxsūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *gaxsetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *gaxsetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *gaxsommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *gaxsedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *gaxsontor | — | — | |
| Declension of the past participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *gaxtos | *gaxtou | *gaxtoi |
| vocative | *gaxte | *gaxtou | *gaxtoi |
| accusative | *gaxtom | *gaxtou | *gaxtoms |
| genitive | *gaxtī | *gaxtous | *gaxtom |
| dative | *gaxtūi | *gaxtobom | *gaxtobos |
| instrumental | *gaxtū | *gaxtobim | *gaxtobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *gaxtā | *gaxtai | *gaxtās |
| vocative | *gaxtā | *gaxtai | *gaxtās |
| accusative | *gaxtam | *gaxtai | *gaxtams |
| genitive | *gaxtās | *gaxtous | *gaxtom |
| dative | *gaxtai | *gaxtābom | *gaxtābos |
| instrumental | *? | *gaxtābim | *gaxtābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *gaxtom | *gaxtou | *gaxtā |
| vocative | *gaxtom | *gaxtou | *gaxtā |
| accusative | *gaxtom | *gaxtou | *gaxtā |
| genitive | *gaxtī | *gaxtous | *gaxtom |
| dative | *gaxtūi | *gaxtobom | *gaxtobos |
| instrumental | *gaxtū | *gaxtobim | *gaxtobis |
Derived terms
- *ambi-gabyeti
- Middle Welsh: ymgaffael
- Old Irish: imm·imgaib
- Middle Irish: imgaibid
- Irish: imghabh
- Middle Irish: imgaibid
- *to-ɸro-uss-gabyeti
- Middle Cornish: drehevel
- Middle Welsh: dyrchafael
Descendants
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*gab-yo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 148-49
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