ech-

Welsh

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *exs-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs (“out of”).[1] Cognate with Old Irish ess- (see Irish as), Latin ex-, Ancient Greek ἐκ- (ek-).[2]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɛχ/

Prefix

ech-

  1. out, ex-
    Synonyms: all-, es-
    ‎ech- + ‎plyg (“folded”) → ‎echblyg (“explicit”)
    ‎ech- + ‎torri (“to cut, to break”) → ‎echdorri (“to errupt”)
    ‎ech- + ‎tynnu (“to pull, to draw”) → ‎echdynnu (“to extract”)
  2. before
    ‎ech- + ‎doe (“yesterday”) → ‎echdoe (“day before yesterday”)
    ‎ech- + ‎nos (“night”) → ‎echnos (“night before last”)

Derived terms
Welsh terms prefixed with ech-

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
ech- unchanged unchanged hech-
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ech-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
  2. Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 96 iii (6)
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