dis-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "dis"

English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle English dis-, borrowed from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dɪs/

Prefix

dis-

  1. Not, the reverse of. (Especially forming words with a negative connotation)
    Synonyms: un-, non-, de-, in-, an-, a-
    dis- + agreedisagree
    dis- + connectdisconnect
    dis- + satisfieddissatisfied
    dis- + interesteddisinterested
    dis- + honourdishonour
  2. Expressing separation or removal.
    dis- + carddiscard (to throw out a card)
    dis- + bardisbar (to expel from the bar)
    dis- + franchisedisfranchise (to remove one's franchise, to prevent from voting)
  3. Used as an intensifier.
    dis- + emboweldisembowel
    dis- + annuldisannul (to annul)
  4. Alternative form of dys- (incorrect)
    dis- + functiondisfunction

Usage notes

  • When attached to a verbal root, prefixes often change the first vowel (whether initial or preceded by a consonant/consonant cluster) of that verb. These phonological changes took place in Latin and usually do not apply to words created (as in New Latin) from Latin components since Latin became a 'dead' language. Note: the combination of prefix and following vowel did not always yield the same change. (see examples below at con- + -a-) Also, these changes in vowels are not necessarily particular to being prefixed with dis- (i.e. other prefixes sometimes cause the same vowel change- see con-, ex-).

Derived terms

English terms prefixed with dis-

Translations

NOTE: Words using the prefix dis- do not necessarily use the prefixes given here when translated. See individual words for more accurate translations.

See also

See also

References

Anagrams

Catalan

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-).

Prefix

dis-

  1. dys- (bad)
    disfàsiadysphasia

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited des-.

Prefix

dis-

  1. indicates negation
    dis- + sort (luck)dissort (misfortune)
Derived terms
Catalan terms prefixed with dis-

Further reading

Dutch

Etymology

Ultimately from Latin dis-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dɪs/
  • (file)

Prefix

dis-

  1. dis-
Dutch terms prefixed with dis-

Esperanto

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.

Pronunciation

  • (file)
  • IPA(key): /dis/

Prefix

dis-

  1. shows separation, dissemination, e.g. semi (sow) > dissemi (disseminate) ; ŝiri (tear) > disŝiri (tear to pieces).

Derived terms

Esperanto terms prefixed with dis-

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited dé-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dis/

Prefix

dis-

  1. dis-

Derived terms

French terms prefixed with dis-

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. See also s-.

Prefix

dis-

  1. dis-
    dis- + sglonfâ (to inflate)disglonfâ (to deflate)
    dis- + florî (to bloom)disflorî (to wither)
  2. as intensifier
    dis- + sfidâ (to challenge)disfidâ (to compete)
    dis- + scuvierzi (to discover, to uncover)discuvierzi (to find out, to unveil)

Derived terms

Friulian terms prefixed with dis-

Gothic

Romanization

dis-

  1. Romanization of 𐌳𐌹𐍃-

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto dis-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.

Prefix

dis-

  1. shows separation or dissemination

Derived terms

Ido terms prefixed with dis-

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch dis-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [dɪs]
  • Hyphenation: dis

Prefix

dis-

  1. dis- (reversal, removal; apart)

Derived terms

Indonesian terms prefixed with dis-

Further reading

Irish

Prefix

dis-

  1. Alternative form of dios-

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
dis- dhis- ndis-
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Italian

Etymology

From Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. See also s-.

Prefix

dis-

  1. dis-
    dis- + fare (do)disfare (undo)
    dis- + organizzare (organize)disorganizzare (disorganize)

Derived terms

Italian terms prefixed with dis-

See also

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *dwis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. Cognate with Ancient Greek δίς (dís), Sanskrit द्विस् (dvis). Doublet of bis.

Prefix

dis-

  1. asunder, apart, in two
    mittōdismiss, disband
    discēdōpart, separate
  2. reversal, removal
    dissimulōdisguise, conceal
  3. utterly, exceedingly
    differtusstuffed full

Usage notes

  • Before b, d, g, l, m, n, r, sc, sp, st and v, the prefix becomes dī-.
  • Before f, the prefix becomes dif-.
  • Before a consonantal i, the prefix may become dī- or remain as dis-.
  • Before a vowel or h, the prefix becomes dir- in the two verbs diribeō and dirimō, which arose early enough to be subject to rhotacism, but from Classical Latin onwards, dis- is used (see, for example, dishiascō in Cato).

Derived terms

Latin terms prefixed with dis-

Descendants

References

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French des- and its source Latin dis-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dis-/, /dɛs-/

Prefix

dis-

  1. Forms words denoting reversal or removal; dis-, de-.
    Synonym: de-
  2. Intensifies words with a negative connotation; dis-, de-.
    Synonym: de-

Usage notes

  • Sometimes used interchangeably with de-; see that entry for more.

Derived terms

Middle English terms prefixed with dis-

Descendants

References

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited des-.

Prefix

dis-

  1. dis- (indicates separation)
Derived terms
Portuguese terms prefixed with dis-

Etymology 2

Borrowed from New Latin dys-, from Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, bad, hard).

Alternative forms

Prefix

dis-

  1. (medicine) dys- (forms the names of conditions characterised by difficult or inadequate function)
  2. dys- (bad or wrong)

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited des-.

Prefix

dis-

  1. dis-

Derived terms

Spanish terms prefixed with dis-

Further reading

Welsh

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dɪs/

Prefix

dis-

  1. intensifying prefix
    dis- + taw (quiet, silent)distaw (silent, noiseless)
    dis- + pwyll (consideration)disbwyll (discretion, prudence)
  2. negative prefix
    Synonyms: af-, an-, di-
    dis- + cloff (lame)disgloff (sure footed, agile)

Derived terms

Welsh terms prefixed with dis-

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
dis- ddis- nis- unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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