cluinn
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish ro·cluinethar, from Proto-Goidelic *ro-klunitor, from Proto-Celtic *ɸro- + *klinutor (metathesized to *klunitor in Proto-Goidelic), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱl̥néwti (compare Sanskrit शृणोति (śṛṇoti, “hears”)) from *ḱlew- (“to hear”).
Conjugation
Conjugation of cluinn (irregular)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third m/f | first | second | third | |||
| independent | past | chuala mi | chuala tu | chuala e/i | chuala sinn | chuala sibh | chuala iad | chualas chualadh |
| future | cluinnidh mi | cluinnidh tu | cluinnidh e/i | cluinnidh sinn | cluinnidh sibh | cluinnidh iad | cluinnear cluinntear | |
| conditional | chluinninn | chluinneadh tu | chluinneadh e/i | chluinneadh sinn chluinneamaid |
chluinneadh sibh | chluinneadh iad | chluinnte(adh) chluinnist(e)1 | |
| negative | past | cha chuala mi | cha chuala tu | cha chuala e/i | cha chuala sinn | cha chuala sibh | cha chuala iad | cha chualas cha chualadh |
| future | cha chluinn mi | cha chluinn thu | cha chluinn e/i | cha chluinn sinn | cha chluinn sibh | cha chluinn iad | cha chluinnear cha chluinntear | |
| conditional | cha chluinninn | cha chluinneadh tu | cha chluinneadh e/i | cha chluinneadh sinn cha chluinneamaid |
cha chluinneadh sibh | cha chluinneadh iad | cha chluinnte(adh) cha chluinnist(e)1 | |
| affirmative interrogative |
past | an cuala mi? | an cuala tu? | an cuala e/i? | an cuala sinn? | an cuala sibh? | an cuala iad? | an cualas? an cualadh? |
| future | an cluinn mi? | an cluinn thu? | an cluinn e/i? | an cluinn sinn? | an cluinn sibh? | an cluinn iad? | an cluinnear? an cluinntear? | |
| conditional | an cluinninn? | an cluinneadh tu? | an cluinneadh e/i? | an cluinneadh sinn? an cluinneamaid? |
an cluinneadh sibh? | an cluinneadh iad? | an cluinnte(adh)? an cluinnist(e)?1 | |
| negative interrogative |
past | nach cuala mi? | nach cuala tu? | nach cuala e/i? | nach cuala sinn? | nach cuala sibh? | nach cuala iad? | nach cualas? nach cualadh? |
| future | nach cluinn mi? | nach cluinn thu? | nach cluinn e/i? | nach cluinn sinn? | nach cluinn sibh? | nach cluinn iad? | nach cluinnear? nach cluinntear? | |
| conditional | nach cluinninn? | nach cluinneadh tu? | nach cluinneadh e/i? | nach cluinneadh sinn? nach cluinneamaid? |
nach cluinneadh sibh? | nach cluinneadh iad? | nach cluinnte(adh)? nach cluinnist(e)?1 | |
| relative future | (a) chluinneas mi | (a) chluinneas tu | (a) chluinneas e/i | (a) chluinneas sinn | (a) chluinneas sibh | (a) chluinneas iad | (a) chluinnear (a) chluinntear | |
| imperative | cluinneam! | cluinn! | cluinneadh e/i! | cluinneamaid! | cluinnibh! | cluinneadh iad! | cluinnear! cluinntear! | |
| verbal noun | cluinntinn | |||||||
| past participle | cluinnte | |||||||
1 Lewis dialect form
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