calamitas
Latin
Etymology
From unattested *calamis ("damaged") + -tās from Proto-Indo-European *kl̥h₂emi- from *kelh₂- (“to beat”). Compare the negated incolumis from Proto-Italic *enkalamis, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥kl̥h₂emi-. Cognate with clādēs, Proto-Celtic *klamitos and others. An old form by l-d-alternation is Old Latin kadamitās.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /kaˈla.mi.taːs/, [käˈɫ̪ämɪt̪äːs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /kaˈla.mi.tas/, [käˈläːmit̪äs]
Noun
calamitās f (genitive calamitātis); third declension
- loss, damage, harm
- Synonyms: damnum, dētrīmentum, incommoditās, iniūria, vulnus, noxa, maleficium, pauperiēs, fraus, āmissiō
- Antonyms: beneficium, favor
- misfortune, calamity, disaster
- Synonyms: plāga, miseria, incommodum, dētrīmentum, clādēs, perniciēs, exitium, incommoditās, interitus, īnfortūnium, cruciātus, vulnus, cāsus, malum, nūbēs
- Antonyms: commodum, commoditās
- military defeat
- Synonyms: clādēs, incommodum, dētrīmentum, vulnus
- Antonym: victōria
- blight, crop failure
Declension
Third-declension noun.
Derived terms
Descendants
- Aragonese: calamidat
- Asturian: calamidá
- Catalan: calamitat
- Emilian: calamitè
- English: calamity
- French: calamité
- Friulian: calamitât
- Galician: calamidade
- → German: Kalamität
- Italian: calamità
- Ladin: calamità
- Piedmontese: calamità
- Portuguese: calamidade
- Romanian: calamitate
- Sardinian: calàma
- Spanish: calamidad (see there for further descendants)
References
- “calamitas”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “calamitas”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- calamitas in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be overtaken by calamity: in calamitatem incidere
- to suffer mishap: calamitatem accipere, subire
- to live a life free from all misfortune: nihil calamitatis (in vita) videre
- to drain the cup of sorrow.[1: calamitatem haurire
- to bring mishap, ruin on a person: calamitatem, pestem inferre alicui
- to be the victim of misfortune: calamitatibus affligi
- to be overwhelmed with misfortune: calamitatibus obrui
- to come to the end of one's troubles: calamitatibus defungi
- schooled by adversity: calamitate doctus
- to be overtaken by calamity: in calamitatem incidere
Spanish
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