barrir
French
Etymology
Inherited from Old French barrire, from Late Latin barriō (“to make the sound of an elephant”), from Latin barrus (“elephant”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ba.ʁiʁ/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of barrir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | barrir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | barrissant /ba.ʁi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | barri /ba.ʁi/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | barris /ba.ʁi/ |
barris /ba.ʁi/ |
barrit /ba.ʁi/ |
barrissons /ba.ʁi.sɔ̃/ |
barrissez /ba.ʁi.se/ |
barrissent /ba.ʁis/ |
| imperfect | barrissais /ba.ʁi.sɛ/ |
barrissais /ba.ʁi.sɛ/ |
barrissait /ba.ʁi.sɛ/ |
barrissions /ba.ʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
barrissiez /ba.ʁi.sje/ |
barrissaient /ba.ʁi.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | barris /ba.ʁi/ |
barris /ba.ʁi/ |
barrit /ba.ʁi/ |
barrîmes /ba.ʁim/ |
barrîtes /ba.ʁit/ |
barrirent /ba.ʁiʁ/ | |
| future | barrirai /ba.ʁi.ʁe/ |
barriras /ba.ʁi.ʁa/ |
barrira /ba.ʁi.ʁa/ |
barrirons /ba.ʁi.ʁɔ̃/ |
barrirez /ba.ʁi.ʁe/ |
barriront /ba.ʁi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | barrirais /ba.ʁi.ʁɛ/ |
barrirais /ba.ʁi.ʁɛ/ |
barrirait /ba.ʁi.ʁɛ/ |
barririons /ba.ʁi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
barririez /ba.ʁi.ʁje/ |
barriraient /ba.ʁi.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | barrisse /ba.ʁis/ |
barrisses /ba.ʁis/ |
barrisse /ba.ʁis/ |
barrissions /ba.ʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
barrissiez /ba.ʁi.sje/ |
barrissent /ba.ʁis/ |
| imperfect2 | barrisse /ba.ʁis/ |
barrisses /ba.ʁis/ |
barrît /ba.ʁi/ |
barrissions /ba.ʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
barrissiez /ba.ʁi.sje/ |
barrissent /ba.ʁis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | barris /ba.ʁi/ |
— | barrissons /ba.ʁi.sɔ̃/ |
barrissez /ba.ʁi.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
References
Further reading
- “barrir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Portuguese
Etymology
From Late Latin barrīre (“make the sound of an elephant's cry”), from barrus (“elephant”).
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /baˈʁi(ʁ)/ [baˈhi(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /baˈʁi(ɾ)/ [baˈhi(ɾ)]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /baˈʁi(ʁ)/ [baˈχi(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /baˈʁi(ɻ)/ [baˈhi(ɻ)]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /bɐˈʁiɾ/
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /bɐˈʁi.ɾi/
- Hyphenation: bar‧rir
Verb
barrir (third-person only, third-person singular present barre, third-person singular preterite barriu, past participle barrido)
- (intransitive) to trumpet (of an elephant: to make its characteristic call)
Conjugation
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | ||||||
| Personal | — | — | — | — | ||
| Gerund | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | ||||||
| Feminine | ||||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | — | — | — | — | ||
| Imperfect | — | — | — | — | ||
| Preterite | — | — | — | — | ||
| Pluperfect | — | — | — | — | ||
| Future | — | — | — | — | ||
| Conditional | — | — | — | — | ||
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | — | — | — | — | ||
| Imperfect | — | — | — | — | ||
| Future | — | — | — | — | ||
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Negative (não) | — | — | — | — | — | |
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