asbeir
Old Irish
FWOTD – 19 August 2014
Etymology
From ess- + beirid. The same construction as Latin efferō, which can mean (among other things) “proclaim, declare”, and Ancient Greek ἐκφέρω (ekphérō), which can mean “disclose”.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [asˈbʲerʲ]
Verb
as·beir (prototonic ·epir, verbal noun epert)
- to say, utter
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 1d1
- .i. nísnain ciasberat níntánicc recht
- i.e. it will not protect them that they say ‘the Law has not come to us’
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 13c13:
- niérbarid autem uerba asbeir intóis anfoirbthe
- ye should not utter autem uerba which the imperfect folk utters
- c. 850, Carlsruhe Glosses on St Augustine’s Soliloquia, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. 2, pp. 1–9, Acr. 14a2
- Bés as·bera-su as n‑ai⟨n⟩m dosom animus ci at·bela.
- Maybe you would say that animus is its name though it may die.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 1d1
- to mention
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 28a20:
- .i. asbertar ananman arnagaba nech desimrecht diib
- i.e. their names are mentioned that no one may take example from them
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 28a20:
- to speak (a language)
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 12d6:
- .i. arnitucci ambéelre asbiur
- i.e. for he understands not the language I speak
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 12d6:
Usage notes
The present and imperfect indicative ro-forms as·robair, as·robarad mean ‘can say’, ‘could say’.
Conjugation
Complex, class B I present, t preterite, é future, a subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Deut. | as·biur | as·bir | as·ber, as·beir; as·robair (ro-form) | as·beram | as·berid, as·beirid | as·berat | as·berar, as·ber, as·berr | as·bertar |
| Prot. | ··epur, ··epiur | ·epir, ·apir | ·epir, ·epeir, ·eper, ·eiper | ·eprem | ·eparr, ·eperr, ·aiperr | ·epertar | |||
| Imperfect indicative | Deut. | as·berin, as·beirin, as·berinn, as·beirinn | as·bered, as·beired, as·berad; as·robarad (ro-form) | as·beirmis; at·beirmis (with infixed pronoun t-) | as·bertis, as·beirtis | as·berthe, as·beirthe | |||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Preterite | Deut. | as·birt | as·bert | as·bertatar | as·breth | ||||
| Prot. | ·epert | ·epertatar | |||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | as·ruburt, as·rubart | as·rubart, as·rubbart | as·rubartmar, as·rubartmmar | as·rubartaid | as·rubartat, as·rubartatar | as·rubrad, as·robrad | ||
| Prot. | ·érburt, ·ǽrburt | ·érbart | ·érbartatar, ·ǽrbartatar | ·érbrad, ·érbrath | |||||
| Future | Deut. | as·bǽr, as·bér, as·béer | as·béra | as·béram | as·bérat | as·bérthar | as·bértar | ||
| Prot. | ·epér, ·épéer | ||||||||
| Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | ·epérthae, ·epérthæ | ||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Deut. | as·ber | as·bere, as·berae, as·bera | as·bera | as·beram | as·beraid | as·berat | as·berthar; as·robarthar (ro-form) | |
| Prot. | ·eper | ·érbarae, ·ǽrbara (ro-form) | ·érbarid (ro-form) | ·epret; ·érbarat (ro-form) | ·eperthar; ·érbarthar (ro-form) | ||||
| Past subjunctive | Deut. | as·berin, as·berain, as·berinn, as·berainn | as·bertha | as·berad; as·robrad (ro-form) | as·bermis, as·bermais | as·robartais (ro-form) | as·berthe, as·berthae | ||
| Prot. | ·epertha; ·érbartha (ro-form) | ·epred, ·epreid, ·aipred; ·érbarad, ·ǽrbarad (ro-form) | ·epertais | ·eperthe, ·eperthae | |||||
| Imperative | epred | eprid | |||||||
| Verbal noun | epert | ||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | abarta | ||||||||
Synonyms
Derived terms
Mutation
Internal:
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| as·beir | as·beir pronounced with /-v(ʲ)-/ |
as·mbeir |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
External:
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| as·beir | unchanged | n-as·beir |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “as-beir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 466
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