Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wahtwēn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *wahtu (“watch, vigil”) +‎ *-ēn.

Verb

*wahtwēn

to keep watch

Inflection

Class 3 weak
Infinitive	*wahtwēn
1st sg. past	*wahtw?dā
Infinitive	*wahtwēn
Genitive infin.	*wahtwēnijas
Dative infin.	*wahtwēnijē
Instrum. infin.	*wahtwēniju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*wahtwē	*wahtw?dā
2nd singular	*wahtwēs	wahtw?dēs, wahtw?dēs
3rd singular	*wahtwēþ	wahtw?dē, wahtw?dā
1st plural	*wahtwēm	*wahtw?dum
2nd plural	*wahtwēþ	*wahtw?dud
3rd plural	*wahtwēnþ	*wahtw?dun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*wahtwē	*wahtw?dī
2nd singular	*wahtwēs	*wahtw?dī
3rd singular	*wahtwē	*wahtw?dī
1st plural	*wahtwēm	*wahtw?dīm
2nd plural	*wahtwēþ	*wahtw?dīd
3rd plural	*wahtwēn	*wahtw?dīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*wahtwē
Plural	*wahtwēþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*wahtwēndī	*wahtw?d

Descendants

Old Frisian: wachtia
- North Frisian: wachtje
- Saterland Frisian: wachtje
- West Frisian: wachtje, wachtsje
Old Saxon: *wahtōn
- Middle Low German: wachten
  - German Low German: wachten
  - → Old Norse: vakta
    - Icelandic: vakta
    - Swedish: vakta
Old Dutch: *wahton
- Middle Dutch: wachten
  - Dutch: wachten
  - → Middle English: *waughten, waften
    - English: waft
    - Scots: waft
Old High German: wahtēn
- Middle High German: wachten
  - German: wachten (dialectal)
→ Italo-Romance:
- Italian: guatare
→ Padanian:
- Piedmontese:
  Occidental: vaité
  
  Oriental: vacé
→ Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Franco-Provençal: gouétar, agouétar, gouétiér
- → Old French: gaiter, guaitier, gaitier, guaiter, gueter, waiter, waitier
  - Middle French: gaitier, gaiter, guetier, guetter
    - French: guetter
  - → Middle English: wayten, waiten
    - English: wait
  - Asturian: guetar
→ Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Aragonese: aguaitar
- Catalan: aguaitar, guaitar, agoitar, goitar
- Old Occitan: guaitar
  - Occitan: gaitar, agaitar, gachar, agachar
    güeitar, agüeitar, aüeitar
→ Medieval Latin: wactō, gaitō, guaitō, guaytō

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