< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tap-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology 1

Nişanyan suggests that both etymologies may be one in the same and the original meaning may have been "to run around" comparing *tabïĺ-, *tabra- (“to run around, hurry, flee”).

Verb

*tap-

  1. (Common Turkic, intransitive) to worship, serve

Derived terms
  • *tap-ïn- (“to worship, (reflexive)”) (see there for further descendants)

Descendants
  • Common Turkic: *tap-
  • Proto-Oghuz: *tap-
    • West Oghuz:
      • Old Anatolian Turkish:
        • Ottoman Turkish: طاپمق (tapmak)
    • East Oghuz:
  • Kipchak:
    • South Kipchak:
      • Caspian:
        • Kazakh: табыну (tabynu)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: табынуу (tabınuu)
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: [script needed] (tap-)
  • Siberian
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tap-)
  • → Proto-Mongolic: *taxï- (“to sacrifice”)[1][2]

Verb

*tap-

  1. (transitive) to find
    Synonym: *bul-

Descendants
  • Proto-Oghuz: *tap-
    • West Oghuz:
      • Old Anatolian Turkish:
        • Azerbaijani: tapmaq
          • Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (tapmaj)
          • Turkish: tapmak, dapmak (dialectal)
    • East Oghuz:
  • Kipchak:
    • West Kipchak:
      • Crimean Tatar: tapmaq
      • Karachay-Balkar: табаргъа (tabarğa)
      • Kumyk: [script needed] (tap)
    • North Kipchak:
    • Central-Kipchak:
      • Karakalpak: [script needed] (tap-)
      • Kazakh: табу (tabu)
      • Nogai: табув (tabuv)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
  • Karluk:
    • Uzbek: topmoq
    • Uyghur: تېپىش (tëpish)
  • Siberian:
    • South Siberian:
      • Yeniseian:
        • Khakas: табарға (tabarğa)
        • Shor: табарға (tabarğa)
      • Sayan:
        • Tofa: туъпар (tupar), туъфар (tufar)
        • Tuvan: тывар (tıvar)
  • → Proto-Mongolic: *taxa- (“to guess”)[1][2][3]

References
  1. Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)‎, Utrecht: LOT, pages 509-510
  2. Sanžejev, G. D., Orlovskaja, M. N., Ševernina, Z. V. (2015–) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ mongolʹskix jazykov: v 3 t. [Etymological dictionary of Mongolic languages: in 3 vols.] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow: Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pages 147, 157
  3. Doerfer, Gerhard (1965) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 19)‎ (in German), volume II, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, § 847, pages 428-429
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 435
  • Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “tapmak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 462
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*tap-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*tăp-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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