< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kömür

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From *köń- (“to burn”) +‎ *-mür, however there have previously been attempts at deriving it from *köm- (“to bury”) +‎ *-mür, which is semantically dubious.

Noun

*kömür

  1. coal

Declension
Declension of *kömür
Singular 3)
Nominative *kömür
Accusative *kömürni, *kömürüg 4), *kömürnig 1)
Genitive *kömürniŋ
Dative *kömürke
Locative *kömürte
Ablative *kömürten
Allative *kömürgerü
Instrumental 2) *kömürün
Equative 2) *kömürče
Similative 2) *kömürleyü
Comitative 2) *kömürlügü
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • ⇒ Chuvash: кӑмрӑк (kămrăk)
  • Common Turkic: *kömür
  • Oghuz:
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: [script needed] (kömür)
      • ⇒ Karakhanid: کُمُرْلُكْ (kömürlük, “trees harvested for charcoal; where charcoal is stored”)
      • Uzbek: koʻmir
      • Uyghur: كۆمۈر (kömür)
  • Kipchak:
    • Old Kipchak:
      • Armeno-Kipchak: comur (Codex Cumanicus)
      • Mamluk-Kipchak: [script needed] (kömür)[1]
    • North Kipchak:
    • West Kipchak:
    • East Kipchak:
    • South Kipchak:
      • Nogai: коьмир (kömir)
      • Karakalpak: көмир
      • Kazakh: көмір (kömır)
  • Siberian:
    • ⇒ Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰇𐰢𐰼𐱃𐰍 (kömürtaɣ, “a mountain between Ötüken and the Karakum desert”)
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kömür)

See also
Minerals in Proto-Turkic
Taş
Stone
 stone: *tiāĺ
Demir
Iron
 iron: *temür
Gümüş
Silver
 silver: *kümüĺ
Altın
Gold
 gold: *altun
Çilek
Strawberry
 copper: *bakïr
Tebeşir
Chalk
 chalk or earth: *bōr
Kömür
Coal
 coal: *kömür
Kaya tuzu
Salt
 salt: *tūŕ
Kurşun
Lead
 lead: *korguĺčïn

References
  1. Toparlı, Recep (2007) Kıpçak Türkçesi Sözlüğü‎, 2nd edition, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, →ISBN, page 157
  • al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume I, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 24
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kömür”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 723
  • Erdal, Marcel (1991) Old Turkic Word Formation‎, volume I, Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 390
  • Eren, Hasan (1999) “kömür”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language] (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, page 256
  • Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kömür”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  • Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (1997) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume V, Moscow: Jazyki russkoj kulʹtury, pages 102-103
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 289
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*kömür”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  • Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 365
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.