< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/siňь
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative reconstructions
- *sinъ
Etymology
Akin to *sinica (“titmouse”). According to some, the stem *sin- is also found in *prosinьcь (“December”), due to the darkness of December nights.
Further, the stem *sin- has been connected with the verb *sijati (“to shine”) and the adjective *sivъ (“gray”), with *sinъ reflecting Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱHi-nós from *(s)ḱeh₁y- (“to shimmer”) or *(s)ḱeh₃y- (“to shade”). The yo-stem declension probably has spread from the ancient comparative in Proto-Indo-European *-yós, similar to Proto-Slavic *tęžьkъ (from an earlier *tęgъ(kъ)).
Inflection
Accent paradigm b.
Indefinite declension of *siňь (soft)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *siňь | *siňa | *siňe |
| genitive | *siňa | *siňę̇ | *siňa |
| dative | *siňu | *siňi | *siňu |
| accusative | *siňь | *siňǫ | *siňe |
| instrumental | *siňemь | *siňejǫ | *siňemь |
| locative | *siňi | *siňi | *siňi |
| vocative | *siňu | *siňe | *siňe |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *siňa | *siňi | *siňi |
| genitive | *siňu | *siňu | *siňu |
| dative | *siňema | *siňama | *siňema |
| accusative | *siňa | *siňi | *siňi |
| instrumental | *siňema | *siňama | *siňema |
| locative | *siňu | *siňu | *siňu |
| vocative | *siňa | *siňi | *siňi |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *siňi | *siňę̇ | *siňa |
| genitive | *siňь | *siňь | *siňь |
| dative | *siňemъ | *siňamъ | *siňemъ |
| accusative | *siňę̇ | *siňę̇ | *siňa |
| instrumental | *siňi | *siňami | *siňi |
| locative | *siňixъ | *siňaxъ | *siňixъ |
| vocative | *siňi | *siňę̇ | *siňa |
Definite declension of *siňь (soft)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *siňьjь | *siňaja | *siňeje |
| genitive | *siňajego | *siňę̇ję̇ | *siňajego |
| dative | *siňujemu | *siňiji | *siňujemu |
| accusative | *siňьjь | *siňǫjǫ | *siňeje |
| instrumental | *siňijimь | *siňǫjǫ | *siňijimь |
| locative | *siňijemь | *siňiji | *siňijemь |
| vocative | *siňьjь | *siňaja | *siňeje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *siňaja | *siňiji | *siňiji |
| genitive | *siňuju | *siňuju | *siňuju |
| dative | *siňijima | *siňijima | *siňijima |
| accusative | *siňaja | *siňiji | *siňiji |
| instrumental | *siňijima | *siňijima | *siňijima |
| locative | *siňuju | *siňuju | *siňuju |
| vocative | *siňaja | *siňiji | *siňiji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *siňiji | *siňę̇ję̇ | *siňaja |
| genitive | *siňьjixъ | *siňьjixъ | *siňьjixъ |
| dative | *siňijimъ | *siňijimъ | *siňijimъ |
| accusative | *siňę̇ję̇ | *siňę̇ję̇ | *siňaja |
| instrumental | *siňijimi | *siňijimi | *siňijimi |
| locative | *siňijixъ | *siňijixъ | *siňijixъ |
| vocative | *siňiji | *siňę̇ję̇ | *siňaja |
See also
| *bělъ (of animals) *bronъ |
*sivъ, *śěrъ, *śědъ | *čьrnъ, *smaglъ, *smǫglъ (of animals) *vornъ, *galъ |
| *čьrvenъ, *ryďь, *ruměnъ | *rudъ, *granivъ; *smědъ (of animals) *gnědъ |
*žьltъ (of animals) *solvъ; *polvъ |
| *zelenъ | *zelenъ, *grěnъ | |
| *polvъ | *siňь; *modrъ | |
| *slivъ | *bagrъ |
Derived terms
- *sinica (“titmouse”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Gluhak, Alemko (1993) “Proto-Slavic/siňь”, in Hrvatski etimološki rječnik [Croatian Etymology Dictionary] (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: August Cesarec, →ISBN, page 548
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “си́ний”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “син²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 655
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