< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kvapiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Equivalent to *kvapъ (“tension, charge, urge”) +‎ *-iti, from Proto-Indo-European *kwep- (“to boil”). Akin to Lithuanian kvapi̇̀nti, kvapýti (“to scent”).

Verb

*kvapiti impf

  1. (probably originally) to set loose, to discharge, to release (pressure, stress, tension)
    1. → (transitive) to urge, to compel
    2. → (intransitive) to haste, to hurry

Alternative forms
  • *kvapati

Inflection
Conjugation of *kvapiti, *kvapi, *kvapitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*kvapľenьje *kvapiti *kvapitъ *kvapilъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *kvapľenъ *kvapimъ
Active *kvapľь *kvapę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *kvapixъ*kvapi*kvapi *kvapľǫ*kvapiši*kvapitь
Dual *kvapixově*kvapista*kvapiste *kvapivě*kvapita*kvapite
Plural *kvapixomъ*kvapiste*kvapišę *kvapimъ*kvapite*kvapętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *kvapľaaxъ*kvapľaaše*kvapľaaše —*kvapi*kvapi
Dual *kvapľaaxově*kvapľaašeta*kvapľaašete *kvapivě*kvapita—
Plural *kvapľaaxomъ*kvapľaašete*kvapľaaxǫ *kvapimъ*kvapite—
    Notes:
  • (*)*kvapivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
  • *kypěti (“to boil up”)
  • *kopьněti (“to melt”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: ква́піць (kvápicʹ), ква́піцца (kvápicca)
    • Russian: ква́пить (kvápitʹ), ква́питься (kvápitʹsja)
    • Ukrainian: ква́пити (kvápyty), ква́питися (kvápytysja)
  • South Slavic:
    • Slovene: kvapiti, kvapati
  • West Slavic

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “квапить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “квапити”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kvapiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 148
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