< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kypěti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kup-, from Proto-Indo-European *kwep- (“to smoke, to boil, to move”) (reconstructed as *kweh₁p- in Rix (LIV), but per Derksen the laryngeal is unnecessary). Cognate with Lithuanian kūpė́ti (“to boil over”), 1sg. kūpù, 3sg. kū̃pa, Latvian kupêt, kupôt (“to seethe”). Probably also cognate with Sanskrit कुप्यति (kúpyati, “to be angry, to boil with emotion”) and Latin cupiō (“to desire”). Vasmer and Chernykh also link Latvian kûpêt (“to smoke, to steam”) but per Derksen this belongs to a different Indo-European root *k(ʷ)h₂up-.

Verb

*kypě̀ti impf[1][2][3]

  1. to boil, to seethe

Inflection
Conjugation of *kypěti, *kypě, *kypitь (impf., intr., -ě/i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-ěti
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*kypěnьje *kypěti *kypětъ *kypělъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive — —
Active *kypěvъ *kypę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *kypěxъ*kypě*kypě *kypľǫ*kypiši*kypitь
Dual *kypěxově*kypěsta*kypěste *kypivě*kypita*kypite
Plural *kypěxomъ*kypěste*kypěšę *kypimъ*kypite*kypętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *kypěaxъ*kypěaše*kypěaše —*kypi*kypi
Dual *kypěaxově*kypěašeta*kypěašete *kypivě*kypita—
Plural *kypěaxomъ*kypěašete*kypěaxǫ *kypimъ*kypite—

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: кипѣти (kipěti), кꙑпѣти (kypěti)
      • Belarusian: кіпе́ць (kipjécʹ)
      • Russian: кипе́ть (kipétʹ)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: кыпі́ти (kŷpíty)
      • Ukrainian: кипі́ти (kypíty)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Kashubian: czipiec
    • Old Czech: kypěti
      • Czech: kypět
    • Polabian: ťaipĕ (3sg.)
    • Old Polish: kipieć
    • Slovak: kypieť
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: kipjeć
      • Lower Sorbian: kipjeś

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кипе́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “кипе́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 396
  • Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*kypěti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 265

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kypě̀ti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 266: “v. (c) ‘boil, seethe’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “kypěti: kypjǫ kypitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c koge, syde (PR 139)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016) “kipẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*kypě̋ti”
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