< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krǫgъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *krongʰ-o-, an extension of the root *(s)ker- (“to turn”) (Derksen) or *kreng- (ЭССЯ). Equivalent to *krъnъ (“tiny, chopped”) +‎ *-gъ.

Indo-European cognates include Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle; curve”), Umbrian krenkatrum, cringatro.

Noun

*krǫ̑gъ m[1][2][3]

  1. circle

Inflection
Declension of *krǫ̑gъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *krǫ̑gъ *krǫ̑ga *krǫ̑dzi
genitive *krǫ̑ga *krǫgù *krǫ̃gъ
dative *krǫ̑gu *krǫgomà *krǫgòmъ
accusative *krǫ̑gъ *krǫ̑ga *krǫ̑gy
instrumental *krǫ̑gъmь, *krǫ̑gomь* *krǫgomà *krǫgý
locative *krǫ̑dzě *krǫgù *krǫdzě̃xъ
vocative *krǫže *krǫ̑ga *krǫ̑dzi
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms
  • *krǫglъ
    • *krǫglica
    • *krǫglikъ
    • *krǫglina
    • *krǫgljakъ
    • *krǫglostь
    • *krǫglyšь
  • *krǫgovortъ
  • *krǫgovъ
  • *krǫžiti
    • *krǫžati
      • *krǫžadlo
      • *krǫžajь
    • *krǫželъ / *krǫželь / *krǫžьlь
    • *krǫžidlo
  • *krǫženьje
  • *krǫževina
  • *krǫžina
  • *krǫžь
  • *krǫžьcь
  • *krǫžьkъ
  • *krǫžьnъ
  • *krǫžьnica
  • *kręčiti (sę)
  • *kręčь (“палка, жердь для скручивания, поворачивания”)
  • *kręgъ
  • *krękъ
  • *krǫčiti
  • *krǫčьnъ
  • *krǫk-
    • *krǫčina

Descendants
  • East Slavic: кругъ (krugŭ)
    • Belarusian: круг (kruh)
    • Russian: круг (krug)
    • Ukrainian: круг (kruh)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: крѫгъ (krǫgŭ)
      Glagolitic: ⰽⱃⱘⰳⱏ (krǫgŭ)
    • Bulgarian: кръг (krǎg), крънк (krǎnk) (dialectal)
    • Macedonian: круг (krug)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: кру̑г
      Latin script: krȗg
    • Slovene: krọ̑g (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “круг”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “круг”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 446
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*krǫgъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 25

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*krǫ̑gъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 251: “m. o (c) ‘circle’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “krǫgъ krǫga”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “d (OSA 141f.; PR 137; RPT 102)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016) “krọ̑g”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*krǫ̑gъ”
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