< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kaluga
Proto-Slavic
Alternative reconstructions
- *kaľuga
Etymology
From *kalъ (“mud, dirt”) + *-uga. Related to *kaľuža and *kaluža.
Inflection
Declension of *kaluga (hard a-stem)
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *kaluga | *kaludzě | *kalugy |
genitive | *kalugy | *kalugu | *kalugъ |
dative | *kaludzě | *kalugama | *kalugamъ |
accusative | *kalugǫ | *kaludzě | *kalugy |
instrumental | *kalugojǫ, *kalugǫ** | *kalugama | *kalugami |
locative | *kaludzě | *kalugu | *kalugasъ, *kalugaxъ* |
vocative | *kalugo | *kaludzě | *kalugy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kaluga”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 125
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