< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/tatr̥wáh

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *tatr̥wás, from Proto-Indo-European *tetr̥-wó-s,[1] from *teter- (“hen-like bird”) +‎ *-wós, reduplicated onomatopoeia.[2][3]

Cognate with Sanskrit तित्तिर (tittirá), Ancient Greek τέτραξ (tétrax, “type of bird”), τετράων (tetráōn, “grouse”), Proto-Balto-Slavic *teterwás (“grouse”), Latin turtur, Proto-Celtic *teteros (whence Middle Irish tethra), Proto-Germanic *þeduraz (“wood grouse, capercaillie”) (whence Old Norse þiðurr).

Noun

*tatr̥wáh m

  1. pheasant

Inflection
masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *tatr̥wáh *tatr̥wā́ *tatr̥wā́
vocative *tatr̥wa *tatr̥wā́ *tatr̥wā́
accusative *tatr̥wám *tatr̥wā́ *tatr̥wā́nh
instrumental *tatr̥wā́ *tatr̥wáybyaH *tatr̥wā́yš
ablative *tatr̥wā́t *tatr̥wáybyaH *tatr̥wáybyah
dative *tatr̥wā́y *tatr̥wáybyaH *tatr̥wáybyah
genitive *tatr̥wáhya *tatr̥wáyāh *tatr̥wā́nam
locative *tatr̥wáy *tatr̥wáyaw *tatr̥wáyšu

Descendants
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Khotanese: [script needed] (ttatara, “partridge”)
    • Sogdian: [script needed] (ttr'w /⁠tatarw⁠/, “a kind of bird”)
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Ormuri-Parachi:
      • Ormuri: cindzarai
      • Parachi: tanzarai
    • Pashto: تارو m (tārú, “francolin”)
    • Shughni: тазарф (tazarf, “starling”)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Old Median: τατύρας (tatúras, “pheasant”)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Middle Persian:
      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ttl /⁠tatar(w)⁠/, “pheasant”), *tadurw
      • Classical Persian: تذرو (taðarw)
        • Iranian Persian: تذرو (tazarv), تدرو (tadarv, “pheasant”)
      • ⇒ Middle Persian: *tadurug, *tudurāg

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þedura-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 535-536
  2. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “tat(e)r-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1079
  3. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τέτραξ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1473
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