< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/bʰagás
Proto-Indo-Iranian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-ó-s, from *bʰeh₂g- (“to divide”) + *-os (deverbal suffix). Possibly related to Old Armenian բակ (bak).[1]
Declension
masculine a-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *bʰagás | *bʰagā́ | *bʰagā́, -ā́s(as) |
vocative | *bʰaga | *bʰagā́ | *bʰagā́, -ā́s(as) |
accusative | *bʰagám | *bʰagā́ | *bʰagā́ns |
instrumental | *bʰagā́ | *bʰagáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām | *bʰagā́yš |
ablative | *bʰagā́t | *bʰagáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām | *bʰagáybʰyas |
dative | *bʰagā́y | *bʰagáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām | *bʰagáybʰyas |
genitive | *bʰagásya | *bʰagáyās | *bʰagā́na(H)m |
locative | *bʰagáy | *bʰagáyaw | *bʰagáyšu |
Related terms
Derived terms
- *bʰagáputrás (“son of god”)
- *bʰagádʰHtás (“given by god”)
- Proto-Iranian: *bágadaHtah (see more)
- → English: Baghdad
- Proto-Iranian: *bágadaHtah (see more)
- *bʰagásayHnas (“temple”)
- Proto-Iranian: *bágayHnah
- Sogdian: (/βaγ(a)n/)
- Manichaean script: 𐫂𐫄𐫗 (βɣn)
- Parthian: (/baγin/)
- Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭁𐭂𐭍𐭉 (bgny)
- > Proto-Iranian: *bágayHnapátiš (“the master of temple”)
- Sogdian: (/βaγnpat(u)/, “sorcerer; priest”)
- Sogdian script: [script needed] (βγnpt), [script needed] (βγnptw)
- Syriac script: ܭܮܢܦܬ (βγnpt), ܭܮܢܦܬܘ (βγnptw)
- Manichaean Middle Persian: 𐫁𐫢𐫗𐫁𐫏𐫅 (bšnbyd /bašnbed/, “master of idol temple”) (> *bagaina > *bažin > *bašn)
- Sogdian: (/βaγnpat(u)/, “sorcerer; priest”)
- Sogdian: (/βaγ(a)n/)
- Proto-Iranian: *bágayHnah
Descendants
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰagás
- Proto-Iranian: *bagáh (“portion, share, fate; god”)[4]
- Avestan: 𐬠𐬀𐬖𐬀 (baγa), 𐬠𐬀𐬔𐬀 (baga, “share, (favourable) lot”)
- Sogdo-Bactrian:
- Bactrian: βαγο (bago /baγ/)
- Khwarezmian: اڤغیک (ʾβγyk /*aβγīk/, “(lit) little idol, doll, puppet”) (> *bagakáh)
- Sogdian: (/βaγ/)
- Sogdian script: [script needed] (βγ)
- Manichaean script: 𐫂𐫄 (βɣ), 𐫁𐫄 (bɣ)
- Syriac script: ܒܓ (bg), ܒܮ (bγ)
- → Classical Persian: ڤغ (vγ /βaγ/), فغ (faγ)
- Parthian: (/bag(early) ~ baγ (late)/)
- Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭀𐭋𐭇 (ALḤ)
- Manichaean script: 𐫁𐫃 (bg), 𐫁𐫄 (bɣ)
- → Old Armenian: բագ (bag, “god; portion”)
- → Classical Persian: بغ (baγ, “idol; lord”)
- Old Persian: 𐎲𐎥 (b-g /baga/, “god”)
- Middle Persian: (/bag (early) ~ bay (late)/, “lord, (earthly) god; divine”)
- Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ORHYA), [Book Pahlavi needed] (bk'), [Book Pahlavi needed] (bg)
- Manichaean script: 𐫁𐫏 (by)
- Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭡𐭢𐭩 (bgy), 𐭥𐭥𐭧𐭩𐭠 (ORḤYA)
- → Ancient Greek: Βέοι (Béoi)
- Middle Persian: (/bag (early) ~ bay (late)/, “lord, (earthly) god; divine”)
- → Proto-Turkic: *beg (likely)
- → Proto-Slavic: *bãnъ (see there for further descendants)
References
- Martirosyan, Hrach (2013) “The place of Armenian in the Indo-European language family: the relationship with Greek and Indo-Iranian”, in Journal of Language Relationship, number 10, page 99
- Henning, W. B. (1939) “Sogdian Loan-Words in New Persian”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, volume 10, number 1, page 94
- https://archive.org/stream/TheIdeaOfIran/__The_Idea_of_Iran__volume_III__The_Sasanian_Era_djvu.txt
- Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 48
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