< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tata-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions
  • *tótos

Etymology

Of imitative origin, echoing baby talk.[1]

Noun

*tata- m

  1. dad, father
    Synonyms: *átta, *ph₂tḗr

Descendants
  • Proto-Albanian: *tatā
  • Proto-Anatolian:[3][4]
    • Luwian:
      Anatolian Hieroglyphs script: [Anatolian Hieroglyphs needed] (tá-ti-sa /⁠tátisa⁠/, “father”, nom. sg.)
      Cuneiform script: 𒋫𒀀𒋾𒅖 (ta-a-ti-iš /⁠tātiš⁠/, “father”, nom. sg.)
    • Lycian: 𐊗𐊁𐊅𐊆 (tedi, “father”, nom. sg.)
    • Lydian: 𐤯𐤠𐤠𐤣𐤠𐤮 (taadaś, “father”, nom. sg.)
  • Proto-Armenian: *tat(a) (“grandmother; midwife; father”)[5]
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tata-
    • Proto-Baltic: *tet-ia-, *tẽt-iã- (e-vocalism)
      • East Baltic:
        • Latgalian: tēte (“dad, daddy”)
        • Latvian: tētis, tēte (“father, dad”)
        • Lithuanian: tė̃tis (“father”), tė̃tė (“dad”), tėtýtis; tẽtē (“father”) (East dialectal)
        • Samogitian: tìtis; táitis (“father”) (dialectal)
      • West Baltic:
        • Old Prussian: thetis (“grandfather”)
    • Proto-Slavic: *tata (“dad, daddy”)[6] (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Celtic: *tato- (“father”)[7]
    • Proto-Brythonic: *tad (see there for further descendants)
    • Old Irish: data (“foster father”)
  • Proto-Germanic:
    • Proto-West Germanic:
      • Bavarian: tatte (“father, dad”)
      • German: Tate
      • Middle Dutch: teyte
      • Old Frisian: *tata
        • North Frisian: tääte (“father”)
    • >? Old Norse:
      • Icelandic: táta f
      • Norwegian Nynorsk: tåte, tåta f
  • Proto-Hellenic: *tata
    • Ancient Greek: τατᾶ (tatâ, “daddy”); τέττα (tétta, e-vocalism)[8]
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tatás, *tātás
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tatás, *tātás
      • Vedic Sanskrit: तत (tatá)
        • Sanskrit: तात (tātá) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Iranian: *tatáh, *tātáh
      • Central Iranian:
        • Old Avestan: 𐬙𐬁 (tā, “father”)
      • Northeastern Iranian:
        • Wakhi: طاط (tat, “father”)
        • Yagnobi: dodo (“father”)
      • Southeastern Iranian:
        • Pashto: دادا (dādā)
        • Ishkashimi: tot ~ tāt (“father”)
        • Sanglechi: tā̊t ~ tā̊ (“father”)
        • Shughni: тат (tat, “father”)
          • Roshani: таат (taat, “father”); татек (tatēk, “grandfather”)
      • Western Iranian:
        • Northwestern Iranian:
          • Baluchi: دادا (dada, “grandfather”)
          • Proto-Medo-Parthian: *dada
            • Eshtehardi: دادا (dādā, “father”)
            • Talysh: dada (“father”)
            • Zazaki: ded (“father's brother”), dedo (voc.)
        • Southwestern Iranian:
          • Northern Luri: تاته (uncle, “tāta”)
    • Proto-Nuristani: *tā́ta, *tā́tta
      • Northern Nuristani:
      • Southern Nuristani:
  • Proto-Italic: *tata
    • Latin: tata (“dad, daddy”) (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

References
  1. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “tato”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 372-73
  2. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “tatë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 450
  3. Puhvel, Jaan (1984) “*atta-”, in Hittite Etymological Dictionary (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 1), volume 1, Berlin, New York, Amsterdam: Mouton, pages 224–226
  4. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “atta-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 225–226
  5. Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “*tat(a)”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 603
  6. Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “тя́тя”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 278
  7. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*tato-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 372–373
  8. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τατᾶ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1455
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