< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kleh₂w-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*kleh₂w-[1][2]

  1. a hook, crook, peg

Alternative reconstructions
  • *kleh₁w-, *klew-[1]
  • *klewH-[3]
  • *(s)kleh₁w-, *(s)kleh₂w-[1]

Derived terms
Category Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kleh₂w- not found
  • *kleh₂u-de-ti[4]
    • Proto-Albanian: *kla(u)tja[5]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Lithuanian: kliūdýti
    • >? Proto-Germanic: *sleutaną (< *(s)klewh₂-de-ti) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *klaudō
      • Latin: claudō, clūdō (see there for further descendants)
      • Paelignian: clusu (participle perfect)
      • ⇒ Proto-Italic: *klaudtrom[4]
        • Latin: claustrum (see there for further descendants)
  • *kléh₂u-ti ~ *kluh₂-énti (root present)[2][6]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Latvian: kļũt
      • Lithuanian: kliū́ti, kliáuti
      • Proto-Slavic: *kľuti
        • ⇒ Proto-Slavic: *kľùka (+ *-ka) (see there for further descendants)
        • ⇒ Proto-Slavic: *kľučь (+ *-čь) (see there for further descendants)
  • *kleh₂u-ye-ti
    • Proto-Hellenic: *klāyyō
  • *kléh₂w-ih₂ ~ *kl̥h₂u-yéh₂s[2][7]
    • Proto-Hellenic: *klāwī́
      • ⇒ Proto-Hellenic: *klāwī́ds
      • ⇒ Proto-Hellenic: *klāwī́ks
        • Doric: κλᾴξ (klā́ix)
      • ⇒ Proto-Hellenic: *klāwitʰron
        • Ancient Greek: κλήϊθρον (klḗïthron)
  • *kléh₂w-i-s[2]
    • Proto-Hellenic:
      • Mycenaean Greek: 𐀏𐀨𐀹𐀡𐀫 (ka-ra-wi-po-ro /⁠klāwi-pʰoros⁠/)
    • Proto-Italic: *klāwis (“bar, bolt”)
      • Latin: clāvis (see there for further descendants)
  • *kleh₂w-o-s[2][8]
    • Proto-Celtic: *klāwos (possibly borrowed from Latin instead) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *klāwos[9]
      • Latin: clāvus (“nail, peg”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *kloh₂u-yo-s
    • Proto-Hellenic: *klōyyos

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “klēu- (auch klěu-?) und klāu-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 604-605
  2. Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 175; 289: “*kleh₂u-d-; *kl(e)h₂u̯-īd-; *kleh₂u- i - , -o-”
  3. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?*kleu̯H-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 365
  4. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “claudō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 118
  5. Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian‎, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 87
  6. Derksen, Rick (2015) “kliūti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 252
  7. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κλείς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page *kleh₂u-iH- of 711-712
  8. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*klāwo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 207: “PIE: *kleh₂-w-”
  9. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “clāvus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 119
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