< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃engʷ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

Root

*h₃engʷ-[2][3]

  1. to smear, to anoint

Reconstruction notes

LIV reconstructs *h₂ instead of *h₃ on account of Ancient Greek -αμβος (-ambos) in θρίαμβος (thríambos) and the like. The o-grade in Latin unguō must then be analogical from Latin unguen (“fat, cream”).[1]

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃engʷ-‎ (11 c, 0 e)
  • *h₃éngʷ-e-ti (thematic root present) (perhaps)[1]
    • Proto-Italic: *ongʷō
  • *h₃n̥-né-gʷ-ti ~ *h₃n̥-n-gʷ-énti (nasal-infix present)[1]
    • Armenian:
      • Old Armenian: աւծանեմ (awcanem) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hanákti
  • *h₃éngʷ-n̥ ~ *h₃n̥gʷ-én-s (“fat, butter”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₃éngʷ-os ~ *h₃éngʷ-es-os
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hánǰas
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hánȷ́as
  • *h₃n̥gʷ-tó-s
    • Balto-Slavic:[4]
      • Old Prussian: anctan (“butter”)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Haktás
    • Proto-Italic: *ənktos
      • Latin: unctus (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “h₂engʷ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 267
  2. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “unguō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 641-642
  3. Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  4. Mažiulis, Vytautas (1988–1997) “anctan”, in Prūsų kalbos etimologijos žodynas [Etymological dictionary of Old Prussian]‎ (in Lithuanian), Vilnius
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