< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃éngʷn̥

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *h₃engʷ- (“to smear, to anoint”) +‎ *-n̥.

Noun

*h₃éngʷn̥ n[1][2][3]

  1. fat, butter

Inflection
Athematic, proterokinetic
singular collective
nominative *h₃éngʷn̥ *h₃éngʷō
genitive *h₃n̥gʷéns *h₃n̥gʷnés
singular dual plural collective
nominative *h₃éngʷn̥ — — *h₃éngʷō
vocative *h₃éngʷn̥ — — *h₃éngʷō
accusative *h₃éngʷn̥ — — *h₃éngʷō
genitive *h₃n̥gʷéns — — *h₃n̥gʷnés
ablative *h₃n̥gʷéns — — *h₃n̥gʷnés
dative *h₃n̥gʷéney — — *h₃n̥gʷnéy
locative *h₃n̥gʷén, *h₃n̥gʷéni — — *h₃n̥gʷén, *h₃n̥gʷéni
instrumental *h₃n̥gʷénh₁ — — *h₃n̥gʷnéh₁

Descendants
  • Proto-Celtic: *amban (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *ankwô (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Italic: *ongʷn̥
    • Latin: unguen
    • Umbrian: 𐌖𐌌𐌄𐌍 (umen, acc.sg.), 𐌖𐌌𐌍𐌄 (umne, “ointment”, abl.sg.)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hā́nǰanam (thematicization of *h₃éngʷen- with irregular long vowel)
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hā́nǰanam
    • ⇒ Proto-Nuristani: *annabr̥tá (“ghee”) (with *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”))

References
  1. Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  2. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “unguō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  3. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*amben-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 32
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