< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tūmōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms
  • *tumōną, *tumbōną

Etymology

Unknown. Possibly related to Sanskrit धावति (dhāvati, “to flee, run”), Ancient Greek θύω (thúō, “I rage, storm, rush in”), Latin furō (“I rage”), suggesting a hypothetical Proto-Indo-European *dʰewH- (“shake, roar”).[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈtuː.mɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*tūmōną

  1. to rotate; spin; revolve

Inflection
Conjugation of *tūmōną (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *tūmō*tūmǭ—*tūmōi ?
2nd singular *tūmōsi*tūmōs*tūmō*tūmōsai*tūmōsau
3rd singular *tūmōþi*tūmō*tūmōþau*tūmōþai*tūmōþau
1st dual *tūmōs*tūmōw———
2nd dual *tūmōþiz*tūmōþiz*tūmōþiz——
1st plural *tūmōmaz*tūmōm—*tūmōnþai*tūmōnþau
2nd plural *tūmōþ*tūmōþ*tūmōþ*tūmōnþai*tūmōnþau
3rd plural *tūmōnþi*tūmōn*tūmōnþau*tūmōnþai*tūmōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *tūmōdǭ*tūmōdēdį̄
2nd singular *tūmōdēz*tūmōdēdīz
3rd singular *tūmōdē*tūmōdēdī
1st dual *tūmōdēdū*tūmōdēdīw
2nd dual *tūmōdēdudiz*tūmōdēdīdiz
1st plural *tūmōdēdum*tūmōdēdīm
2nd plural *tūmōdēdud*tūmōdēdīd
3rd plural *tūmōdēdun*tūmōdēdīn
present past
participles *tūmōndz*tūmōdaz

Derived terms
  • *tūmlōną

Descendants
  • Old English: tumbian
    • Middle English: tumben, tomben, toumbe (conflated with Old French tumber)
      • English: tumb
      • ⇒ Middle English: tumblen
        • English: tumble
        • Scots: tummyll, tumbill, tummle
  • Old Frisian: *tumbia
    • ⇒ Old Frisian: *tūmlia
      • Saterland Frisian: tuumelje
  • Old Saxon: *tūmōn
    • ⇒ Old Saxon: *tūmilōn
      • Middle Low German: tumelen, tummelen
        • German Low German: dummeln
  • Old Dutch: *tūmon
  • →? Vulgar Latin: *tumbāre (possibly also from Old Norse, or a native onomatopoeia)
  • >? Old High German: tūmōn
  • Old Norse: tumba

References
  1. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 149
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