< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/serþaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Alternative forms
- *serdaną
Etymology
Kroonen reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *sert- (“to hit (?); to rub against, move obliquely against”). Compare Hittite 𒊬𒋫𒄿 (šar-ta-i, “to wipe, rub”) and perhaps Welsh serth (“obscene”). Kloekhorst meanwhile argues for *serdʰH- based on Hittite.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈser.θɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*serþaną
Inflection
Conjugation of *serþaną (strong class 3)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *serþō | *serþaų | — | *serþai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *sirþizi | *serþaiz | *serþ | *serþazai | *serþaizau |
| 3rd singular | *sirþidi | *serþai | *serþadau | *serþadai | *serþaidau |
| 1st dual | *serþōz | *serþaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *serþadiz | *serþaidiz | *serþadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *serþamaz | *serþaim | — | *serþandai | *serþaindau |
| 2nd plural | *sirþid | *serþaid | *sirþid | *serþandai | *serþaindau |
| 3rd plural | *serþandi | *serþain | *serþandau | *serþandai | *serþaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *sarþ | *surdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *sarst | *surdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *sarþ | *surdī | |||
| 1st dual | *surdū | *surdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *surdudiz | *surdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *surdum | *surdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *surdud | *surdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *surdun | *surdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *serþandz | *surdanaz | |||
Related terms
- *surtōną
Descendants
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*serþan- ~ *serdan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 433
- Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “šarta-i / šart-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 737–738
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