< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rīfaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- (“to tear”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈriː.ɸɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *rīfaną (strong class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *rīfō | *rīfaų | — | *rīfai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *rīfizi | *rīfaiz | *rīf | *rīfazai | *rīfaizau |
| 3rd singular | *rīfidi | *rīfai | *rīfadau | *rīfadai | *rīfaidau |
| 1st dual | *rīfōz | *rīfaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *rīfadiz | *rīfaidiz | *rīfadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *rīfamaz | *rīfaim | — | *rīfandai | *rīfaindau |
| 2nd plural | *rīfid | *rīfaid | *rīfid | *rīfandai | *rīfaindau |
| 3rd plural | *rīfandi | *rīfain | *rīfandau | *rīfandai | *rīfaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *raif | *ribį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *raift | *ribīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *raif | *ribī | |||
| 1st dual | *ribū | *ribīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *ribudiz | *ribīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *ribum | *ribīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *ribud | *ribīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *ribun | *ribīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *rīfandz | *ribanaz | |||
Descendants
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*rīfan-~*rīpan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 412
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*rīfanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 305
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