Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwat

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷód (“what”), *kʷod, neuter form of *kʷós (“who”), *kʷós, *kʷis.

Pronoun

*hwat

nominative/accusative singular neuter of *hwaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *hwat
- Old English: hwæt, huæt, huæd, huædd, huætd, huædt, hwet, wæt, whæt, hwat
  - Middle English: what, whad, whote, watte, wath, wad, qhat; whæt, whæht, waht, waet, wæht, weht, hweat
    - English: what
    - Scots: what, whate, whit, whut, wha', quhat, quat, fat, faht, phat, fit, fut, fout, at
    - Yola: faade, fhaade, faad, fade, f'ad, fadere
- Old Frisian: hwet
  - Saterland Frisian: wät
  - West Frisian: wat
- Old Saxon: hwat
  - Middle Low German: wat
    - Low German: wat
- Old Dutch: wat
  - Middle Dutch: wat
    - Afrikaans: wat
    - Dutch: wat
    - Limburgish: waat
- Old High German: waz, whaz, hwaz, hwat
  - Middle High German: waz, wat
    - Alemannic German: waas, waa; was, wa
    - Central Franconian: wat
    - Cimbrian: bas, baz
    - Hunsrik: was
    - German: was
    - Luxembourgish: wat
    - Yiddish: וואָס (vos)
Old Norse: hvat
- Icelandic: hvað
- Faroese: hvat
- Norwegian Nynorsk: kva, kvat; (dialectal) k(v)att, kåt, ka, ke, ko, kø, hot, høt, hø, ho
- Jamtish: hut, hvuð
- Old Swedish: hvat, hvadh
  - Swedish: vad, hvad (pre-1906 spelling)
- Old Danish: hwat
  - Danish: hvad
    - Norwegian Bokmål: hva

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