< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hnippōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From earlier paradigm *hnippōþi ~ *hnibunanþi, from pre-Proto-Germanic *knibʰ-nā́-ti ~ *knibʰ-un-ánti, iterative from Proto-Indo-European *kneybʰ- (“to pinch”). Cognate with Latvian kniêbt, Lithuanian kniẽbti (“to pinch”).[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈxnip.pɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hnippōną[1]

  1. to pinch

Inflection
Conjugation of *hnippōną (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hnippō*hnippǭ—*hnippōi ?
2nd singular *hnippōsi*hnippōs*hnippō*hnippōsai*hnippōsau
3rd singular *hnippōþi*hnippō*hnippōþau*hnippōþai*hnippōþau
1st dual *hnippōs*hnippōw———
2nd dual *hnippōþiz*hnippōþiz*hnippōþiz——
1st plural *hnippōmaz*hnippōm—*hnippōnþai*hnippōnþau
2nd plural *hnippōþ*hnippōþ*hnippōþ*hnippōnþai*hnippōnþau
3rd plural *hnippōnþi*hnippōn*hnippōnþau*hnippōnþai*hnippōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hnippōdǭ*hnippōdēdį̄
2nd singular *hnippōdēz*hnippōdēdīz
3rd singular *hnippōdē*hnippōdēdī
1st dual *hnippōdēdū*hnippōdēdīw
2nd dual *hnippōdēdudiz*hnippōdēdīdiz
1st plural *hnippōdēdum*hnippōdēdīm
2nd plural *hnippōdēdud*hnippōdēdīd
3rd plural *hnippōdēdun*hnippōdēdīn
present past
participles *hnippōndz*hnippōdaz

Alternative reconstructions
  • *hnippijaną[2]

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *hnippōn
    • Old English: *hnippian
      • Middle English: nippen (possibly loaned from Middle Dutch or Middle Low German instead)
    • Old Saxon: *hnippōn
    • Old Dutch: *nippon
    • Old High German: *nipfōn
      • Middle High German: nipfen
        • German: nipfen (dialectal)
  • Old Norse: hnippa
    • Icelandic: hnippa

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hnippōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 236
  2. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*xnippjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 180
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.