< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/helaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *ḱéleti, from *ḱel- (“to cover”). Cognate with Latin cēlō (“hide, cover, conceal”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxe.lɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *helaną (strong class 4)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *helō | *helaų | — | *helai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *hilizi | *helaiz | *hel | *helazai | *helaizau |
| 3rd singular | *hilidi | *helai | *heladau | *heladai | *helaidau |
| 1st dual | *helōz | *helaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *heladiz | *helaidiz | *heladiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *helamaz | *helaim | — | *helandai | *helaindau |
| 2nd plural | *hilid | *helaid | *hilid | *helandai | *helaindau |
| 3rd plural | *helandi | *helain | *helandau | *helandai | *helaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *hal | *hēlį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *halt | *hēlīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *hal | *hēlī | |||
| 1st dual | *hēlū | *hēlīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *hēludiz | *hēlīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *hēlum | *hēlīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *hēlud | *hēlīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *hēlun | *hēlīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *helandz | *hulanaz | |||
Derived terms
- *bihelaną
- *helstrą
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *helan
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*helan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 218
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*xelanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 168
- Seebold, Elmar (1970) “HEL-A-”, in Vergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben (Janua Linguarum. Series practica; 85) (in German), Paris, Den Haag: Mouton, →ISBN, page 252
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