< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/drinkaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrenǵ- (“to draw into one's mouth, sip, gulp”), nasalised variant of *dʰreǵ- (“to draw, glide”). Cognate with Lithuanian drėgti (“to become moist”), Sanskrit ध्रजति (dhrajati, “to glide, swoop”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdriŋ.kɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *drinkaną (strong class 3)
active voice | passive voice | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
1st singular | *drinkō | *drinkaų | — | *drinkai | ? |
2nd singular | *drinkizi | *drinkaiz | *drink | *drinkazai | *drinkaizau |
3rd singular | *drinkidi | *drinkai | *drinkadau | *drinkadai | *drinkaidau |
1st dual | *drinkōz | *drinkaiw | — | — | — |
2nd dual | *drinkadiz | *drinkaidiz | *drinkadiz | — | — |
1st plural | *drinkamaz | *drinkaim | — | *drinkandai | *drinkaindau |
2nd plural | *drinkid | *drinkaid | *drinkid | *drinkandai | *drinkaindau |
3rd plural | *drinkandi | *drinkain | *drinkandau | *drinkandai | *drinkaindau |
past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
1st singular | *drank | *drunkį̄ | |||
2nd singular | *dranht | *drunkīz | |||
3rd singular | *drank | *drunkī | |||
1st dual | *drunkū | *drunkīw | |||
2nd dual | *drunkudiz | *drunkīdiz | |||
1st plural | *drunkum | *drunkīm | |||
2nd plural | *drunkud | *drunkīd | |||
3rd plural | *drunkun | *drunkīn | |||
present | past | ||||
participles | *drinkandz | *drunkanaz |
Derived terms
- *drankijaną
- *drunkanaz
- *drunkiz
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *drinkan
- Old English: drincan
- Old Frisian: drinka
- Old Saxon: drinkan
- Old Dutch: drincan
- Old High German: trinkan
- Middle High German: trinken
- Alemannic German: trinke
- Bavarian: trinkn, dringa
- Central Franconian: drenke, dronke, drönke; drinke, drinke
- Hunsrik: drinke
- German: trinken
- Luxembourgish: drénken
- Rhine Franconian:
- Pennsylvania German: drinke
- Vilamovian: trynkja
- Yiddish: טרינקען (trinken)
- → Middle French: trinquer
- French: trinquer
- → Galician: trincar
- → Italian: trincare
- → Sicilian: ntrincari
- → Spanish: trincar
- → Venetian: trincar, trincàr
- Middle High German: trinken
- Old Norse: drekka, drikka
- Gothic: 𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌺𐌰𐌽 (drigkan)
- Vandalic: drincan
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*drinkan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 103
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*đrenkanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 75
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