< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/anati
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énh₁ti (“to breathe”), from the root *h₂enh₁-. Though this etymology is generally accepted, the semantic link is uncertain (maybe via “to exhale, to breathe deeply, to relax, to take a break”). For a parallel development, Matasović compares the derivation of Serbo-Croatian odàhnuti (“to pause”) from dȁh (“breath”).[1]
Cognate with Proto-Germanic *ananą and Sanskrit अनिति (ániti).
Inflection
| Athematic present, s-preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *anami | *anamam | ? | *anasam |
| 2nd singular | *anasi | *anatās | ? | *anass |
| 3rd singular | *anati | *anato | ? | *anast |
| 1st plural | *anamosi | *anamo | ? | *anasme |
| 2nd plural | *anatesi | *anastē | ? | *anaste |
| 3rd plural | *ananti | *ananto | ? | *anasant |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *anasū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *anasesi | ? | *ana | |
| 3rd singular | *anaseti | ? | *anatou | |
| 1st plural | *anasomosi | ? | *anamos | |
| 2nd plural | *anasetesi | ? | *anate | |
| 3rd plural | *anasonti | ? | *anantou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *anar | — | ? | — |
| 2nd singular | *anatar | — | ? | — |
| 3rd singular | *anator | ? | ? | — |
| 1st plural | *anammor | — | ? | — |
| 2nd plural | *anadwe | — | ? | — |
| 3rd plural | *anantor | ? | ? | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *anasūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *anasetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *anasetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *anasommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *anasedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *anasontor | — | — | |
| Declension of the past participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *anatos | *anatou | *anatoi |
| vocative | *anate | *anatou | *anatoi |
| accusative | *anatom | *anatou | *anatoms |
| genitive | *anatī | *anatous | *anatom |
| dative | *anatūi | *anatobom | *anatobos |
| instrumental | *anatū | *anatobim | *anatobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *anatā | *anatai | *anatās |
| vocative | *anatā | *anatai | *anatās |
| accusative | *anatam | *anatai | *anatams |
| genitive | *anatās | *anatous | *anatom |
| dative | *anatai | *anatābom | *anatābos |
| instrumental | *? | *anatābim | *anatābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *anatom | *anatou | *anatā |
| vocative | *anatom | *anatou | *anatā |
| accusative | *anatom | *anatou | *anatā |
| genitive | *anatī | *anatous | *anatom |
| dative | *anatūi | *anatobom | *anatobos |
| instrumental | *anatū | *anatobim | *anatobis |
Derived terms
- *komussanati
- Old Irish: con·osna (“ceases”)
Descendants
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*ana-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 34
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