-stʾn'

Middle Persian

Alternative forms
  • -𐭮𐭲𐭭 (-stn /⁠-estān⁠/) — Inscriptional Pahlavi
  • -ystʾʾn (-estān) — Manichaean

Etymology

From Old Persian 𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴 (s-t-a-n /⁠stāna⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *stā́nam (compare Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀 (stāna)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *stáHnam (compare Sanskrit स्थान (sthā́na)), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”). Compare Old Armenian -ստան (-stan), an Iranian borrowing.

Suffix

-stʾn' • (-estān)

  1. makes nouns of places
    ʾswlstʾn' ― Asōrestān ― Assyria, Persian Mesopotamia
    hndwstʾn' ― Hindūstān ― India
    cynstʾn' ― Čīnestān ― China
    dhmkstʾn' ― daxmagestān ― cemetery
    dpyrstʾn' ― dibīrestān ― school
  2. of indeterminate function
    ẕmstʾn' ― Zamestān ― winter
    dʾtstʾn' ― dādestān ― law
    bʾlstʾn' ― bārestān ― patient, resigned

Derived terms
Middle Persian terms suffixed with -stʾn'
  • bwdstʾn' (bōyestān)
  • bʾlstʾn' (bārestān)
  • cynstʾn' (Čīnestān)
  • dhmkstʾn' (daxmagestān)
  • dpyrstʾn' (dibīrestān)
  • dʾtstʾn' (dādestān)
  • gwstʾn' (gōstān)
  • hmdʾtstʾn' (ham-dādestān)
  • hndwstʾn' (Hindūstān)
  • hwcstʾn' / 𐭧𐭥𐭰𐭮𐭲𐭭 (Hūzestān)
  • hylptstʾn' (hērbedestān)
  • KNYAstʾn' (nayestān)
  • MDYNA (šahrestān)
  • plʾhngstʾn' (frahangestān)
  • skstʾn' (Sagestān)
  • swkwstʾn' (Sōgestān)
  • tplstʾn' (Tabarestān)
  • twlkstʾn' (Turkestān)
  • tʾp̄stʾn' (tābestān)
  • špstʾn' (šabestān)
  • ʾswlstʾn' / 𐭠𐭮𐭥𐭥𐭮𐭲𐭭 (Asōrestān)
  • ẕmstʾn' (zamestān)

Descendants

References
  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
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