sĩ
See also: Appendix:Variations of "si"
Vietnamese
Alternative forms
Etymology
Sino-Vietnamese word from 士
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [si˦ˀ˥]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [ʂɪj˧˨] ~ [sɪj˧˨]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [ʂɪj˨˩˦] ~ [sɪj˨˩˦]
Audio (Hà Nội) (file)
Noun
- (archaic) a learned person, especially someone from the respected intelligentsia
- Holonym: tứ dân
- Coordinate terms: công (“artisans/craftsmen”), nông (“peasants/farmers”), thương (“merchants”)
- kẻ sĩ ― the literati, the intelligentsia
- sĩ nông công thương ― the intelligentsia, the peasants, the craftsmen and the merchants
- nữ sĩ ― a female intellectual
- 15th century, Nguyễn Trãi, “言志 Ngôn chí 14”, in Quốc âm thi tập (國音詩集):
- 絲毫庄固填恩主
𠰺廊溋𠇍士儒- Tơ hào chẳng có đền ơn chúa.
Dạy láng giềng mấy sĩ nho. - I have not the slightest of things to repay my lord's graces;
I'm teaching my neighbors, a few intellectuals and scholars.
- Tơ hào chẳng có đền ơn chúa.
- Chỉ nam ngọc âm giải nghĩa (Precious manual explicating [important terms]) 28b
士 固 才 䝨 埃 庄 別 名 .- The literati possess worthy talents; who is not aware of their reputations?
- 14th century, Luo Guanzhong, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Ch. 57; 1909 Vietnamese translation by Phan Kế Bính
- Nghe tiếng ngài yêu người hiền, trọng kẻ sĩ, nên tôi cũng đến yết kiến.
- I've heard that ye reputedly cherish virtuosi and respect literati, so I'm also come for an audience.
- (military, in compounds) warrior, soldier, officer (commissioned or non-commissioned)
- tướng sĩ ― generals and officers
- liệt sĩ ― soldier killed in the line of duty
- 1759, Lê Quý Đôn, Đại Việt thông sử (Thorough Historical Records of Great Việt); 1973, Vietnamese translation by Lê Mạnh Liêu
- Bởi vậy ngài bèn đại hội tướng sĩ, bàn tính việc khởi binh.
- Therefore, he held a great meeting with the generals and officers, to discuss raising armies.
- (in compounds) agentive suffix
- nghệ sĩ ― artist
- kị sĩ ― rider
- (xiangqi) an advisor, a piece labeled with the characters 士 (shì, black) and 仕 (sĩ, red)
See also
Derived terms
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