π°π»πΎπΉπ
Gothic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *aljaz, from Proto-Indo-European *hβΓ©lyos. The -jis in the nominative singular results from morphological levelling with the oblique forms, as the expected outcome of *-jaz in Gothic following a consonant would otherwise have been *-is. Other examples of this development include π·π°ππΎπΉπ (harjis), π½πΉπΏπΎπΉπ (niujis), π½πΉπΈπΎπΉπ (niΓΎjis) and πΌπΉπ³πΎπΉπ (midjis).[1]
Determiner
π°π»πΎπΉπ β’ (aljis)
- other, another
- Synonym: π°π½πΈπ°π (anΓΎar)
- 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, 1 Corinthians 1:13:
- πΏπ½ππ΄ π½πΉ π°π»πΎπ° πΌπ΄π»πΎπ°πΌ πΉπΆπ πΉπ, π°π»πΎπ° πΈππ΄πΉ π°π½π°πΊπΏπ½π½π°πΉπΈ π°πΉπΈπΈπ°πΏ πΎπ°π· πΏππΊπΏπ½π½π°πΉπΈ; π°πΈπΈπ°π½ π π΄π½πΎπ° π΄πΉ πΏπ½π³ π°π½π³πΉ πΏππΊπΏπ½π½π°πΉπΈ,
- untΔ ni alja mΔljam izwis, alja ΓΎΕei anakunnaiΓΎ aiΓΎΓΎau jah ufkunnaiΓΎ; aΓΎΓΎan wΔnja ei und andi ufkunnaiΓΎ,
- For we write none other things unto you, than what ye read or acknowledge; and I trust ye shall acknowledge even to the end; (KJV)
- 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Galatians 5:10:
- πΉπΊ π²π°πππ°πΏπ° πΉπ½ πΉπΆπ πΉπ πΉπ½ πππ°πΏπΎπΉπ½ πΈπ°ππ΄πΉ π½πΉ π π°πΉπ·π π°π»πΎπΉπ π·πΏπ²πΎπΉπΈ; π°πΈπΈπ°π½ ππ° π³πππ±πΎπ°π½π³π πΉπΆπ πΉπ ππ° π±π°πΉππ°πΉ πΈπ π π°ππ²πΉπΈπ°, ππ°ππ°πΆπΏπ· ππ°π΄πΉ ππΉπΎπ°πΉ.
- ik gatraua in izwis in fraujin ΓΎatei ni waiht aljis hugjiΓΎ; aΓΎΓΎan sa drΕbjands izwis sa bairai ΓΎΕ wargiΓΎa, saΖazuh saei sijai.
- I have confidence in you through the Lord, that ye will be none otherwise minded: but he that troubleth you shall bear his judgment, whosoever he be. (KJV)
- 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, 1 Timothy 1:10:
- π·πππ°πΌ, πΌπ°π½π½π°π½π π²π°πΈπΉπ π°π½π³π°πΌ, π»πΉπΏπ²π½πΎπ°πΌ, πΏππ°πππ π°ππ°πΌ, πΎπ°π· πΎπ°π±π°πΉ ππ° π°π»πΎπΉπ πΈπΉπΆπ°πΉ π·π°πΉπ»ππ½ π»π°πΉππ΄πΉπ½π°πΉ π°π½π³πππ°π½π³πΉπΈ,
- hΕram, mannans gaΓΎiwandam, liugnjam, ufarswaram, jah jabai Ζa aljis ΓΎizai hailΕn laiseinai andstandiΓΎ,
- For whoremongers, for them that defile themselves with mankind, for menstealers, for liars, for perjured persons, and if there be any other thing that is contrary to sound doctrine; (KJV)
- 6th century ad, anonymous author, Skeireins 7:4, translated by James W. Marchand:
- πΉπΈ π΄πΉπ π°π π·π°πΏπΎπ° πΌπ°π½π°π²π°πΌπΌπ° π πΉππ°π½π³πΉπ½ πΉπ½ πΈπ°πΌπΌπ° πππ°π³π°, πΈπ ππΉπ»πΏππ½π° π°π½π°πΊπΏπΌπ±πΎπ°π½ π²π°ππ°π πΉπ³π΄π³πΏπ½, ππΉπΌπ πΈπΏππΏπ½π³πΎππ π π°πΉππ΄ πΉπ½πΏπ· π΅πΉπ½ππ½π πΎπ°π· π±π°ππ½π° ππ π΄ π°π πΌπΉπΊπΉπ»π°πΌπΌπ° π½π°π·ππ°πΌπ°ππ° π°π½π°πΊπΏπΌπ±πΎπ°π½π³π°π½π π°π π½πΉ π πΉππ°π½π³πΉπ½ π°π»πΎπ°πΉ π π°πΉπ·ππ°πΉ πΏππ°π πΈπ°π½π ππΉπΌπ π·π»π°πΉπ±π°π½π πΎπ°π· ππ π°π½π ππΉππΊπ°π½π, πΈπ°π½πΆπ΄πΉ π½πΉπΌπ°π½π³π πΎπ°π· π°π πΉπ»πΉπΏπ³ππ½π³π π²π°πΈπΉπΏπΈπΉπ³π°, πΎπ°π· ππ π° πΌπ°π½π°π²π°πΉ π²π°π½ππ·πΎπ°π½π³π πΉπ½π π π°πΉπ»π°π πΉπΆπ½π°πΉ π½πΉ πΈπ°ππ°πΉπ½π΄πΉ π²π°π½π°πΏπ·π°π½ πΈπ°πΏππππ°πΉπ πΉπΌ πππ°π²π°π, π°πΊ ππΉπ»π°πΏπ πΌπ°πΉπΆπ; π°ππ°π πΈπ°ππ΄πΉ πΌπ°ππΉπ³π° ππ πΌπ°π½π°π²π΄πΉ, π±πΉπ²πΉππ°π½ π π°π πΈπΉπΆπ΄πΉ π·π»π°πΉπ±π΄ Β·πΉπ±Β· ππ°πΉπ½πΎππ½π ππΏπ»π»ππ, πΈπ°ππ΄πΉ π°ππ»πΉππ½ππ³π°.
- iΓΎ eis at hauja managamma wisandin in ΓΎamma stada, ΓΎΕ filusna anakumbjan gatawidΔdun, fimf ΓΎusundjΕs wairΔ inuh qinΕns jah barna swΔ at mikilamma nahtamata anakumbjandans at ni wisandin aljai waihtai ufar ΓΎans fimf hlaibans jah twans fiskans, ΓΎanzei nimands jah awiliudΕnds gaΓΎiuΓΎida, jah swa managai ganΕhjands ins wailawiznai ni ΓΎatainei ganauhan ΓΎaurftais im fragaf, ak filaus maizΕ; afar ΓΎatei matida sΕ managei, bigitan was ΓΎizei hlaibΔ Β·ibΒ· tainjΕns fullΕs, ΓΎatei aflifnΕda.
- And they, there being much hay in that place, made the multitude sit down. Five thousand men, not counting women and children, Sitting down as if at a great dinner. There being nothing else beyond the five loaves and two fish, which taking and saying grace, He blessed, and with so much food satisfying them not only did He give them the needed sufficiency, but much more. After the crowd had eaten, there was found of the loaves 12 baskets full that was left over.
Declension
Ja-stem, strong forms only | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | π°π»πΎπΉπ aljis |
π°π»πΎπ° alja |
π°π»πΉ, π°π»πΎπ°ππ° ali, aljata |
Accusative | π°π»πΎπ°π½π° aljana |
π°π»πΎπ° alja |
π°π»πΉ, π°π»πΎπ°ππ° ali, aljata |
Genitive | π°π»πΎπΉπ aljis |
π°π»πΎπ°πΉπΆππ aljaizΕs |
π°π»πΎπΉπ aljis |
Dative | π°π»πΎπ°πΌπΌπ° aljamma |
π°π»πΎπ°πΉ aljai |
π°π»πΎπ°πΌπΌπ° aljamma |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | π°π»πΎπ°πΉ aljai |
π°π»πΎππ aljΕs |
π°π»πΎπ° alja |
Accusative | π°π»πΎπ°π½π aljans |
π°π»πΎππ aljΕs |
π°π»πΎπ° alja |
Genitive | π°π»πΎπ°πΉπΆπ΄ aljaizΔ |
π°π»πΎπ°πΉπΆπ aljaizΕ |
π°π»πΎπ°πΉπΆπ΄ aljaizΔ |
Dative | π°π»πΎπ°πΉπΌ aljaim |
π°π»πΎπ°πΉπΌ aljaim |
π°π»πΎπ°πΉπΌ aljaim |
Derived terms
Related terms
References
- Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)β, Oxford: Oxford University Press, βISBN, page 130
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