πŒ°πŒ»πŒΎπŒΉπƒ

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *aljaz, from Proto-Indo-European *hβ‚‚Γ©lyos. The -jis in the nominative singular results from morphological levelling with the oblique forms, as the expected outcome of *-jaz in Gothic following a consonant would otherwise have been *-is. Other examples of this development include πŒ·πŒ°π‚πŒΎπŒΉπƒ (harjis), πŒ½πŒΉπŒΏπŒΎπŒΉπƒ (niujis), πŒ½πŒΉπŒΈπŒΎπŒΉπƒ (niΓΎjis) and πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒΉπƒ (midjis).[1]

Determiner

πŒ°πŒ»πŒΎπŒΉπƒ β€’ (aljis)

  1. other, another
    Synonym: πŒ°πŒ½πŒΈπŒ°π‚ (anΓΎar)
    • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, 1 Corinthians 1:13:
      πŒΏπŒ½π„πŒ΄ 𐌽𐌹 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌼 πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ, 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰 πŒΈπ‰πŒ΄πŒΉ 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌿 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒΏπ†πŒΊπŒΏπŒ½πŒ½πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ; 𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 π…πŒ΄πŒ½πŒΎπŒ° 𐌴𐌹 𐌿𐌽𐌳 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹 πŒΏπ†πŒΊπŒΏπŒ½πŒ½πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ,
      untΔ“ ni alja mΔ“ljam izwis, alja þōei anakunnaiΓΎ aiΓΎΓΎau jah ufkunnaiΓΎ; aΓΎΓΎan wΔ“nja ei und andi ufkunnaiΓΎ,
      For we write none other things unto you, than what ye read or acknowledge; and I trust ye shall acknowledge even to the end; (KJV)
    • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Galatians 5:10:
      𐌹𐌺 πŒ²πŒ°π„π‚πŒ°πŒΏπŒ° 𐌹𐌽 πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ 𐌹𐌽 π†π‚πŒ°πŒΏπŒΎπŒΉπŒ½ πŒΈπŒ°π„πŒ΄πŒΉ 𐌽𐌹 π…πŒ°πŒΉπŒ·π„ πŒ°πŒ»πŒΎπŒΉπƒ 𐌷𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌹𐌸; 𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 πƒπŒ° πŒ³π‚π‰πŒ±πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ πƒπŒ° πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉ πŒΈπ‰ π…πŒ°π‚πŒ²πŒΉπŒΈπŒ°, πƒπŒ°πˆπŒ°πŒΆπŒΏπŒ· πƒπŒ°πŒ΄πŒΉ πƒπŒΉπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉ.
      ik gatraua in izwis in fraujin ΓΎatei ni waiht aljis hugjiΓΎ; aΓΎΓΎan sa drōbjands izwis sa bairai þō wargiΓΎa, saΖ•azuh saei sijai.
      I have confidence in you through the Lord, that ye will be none otherwise minded: but he that troubleth you shall bear his judgment, whosoever he be. (KJV)
    • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, 1 Timothy 1:10:
      πŒ·π‰π‚πŒ°πŒΌ, πŒΌπŒ°πŒ½πŒ½πŒ°πŒ½πƒ πŒ²πŒ°πŒΈπŒΉπ…πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΌ, 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌼, πŒΏπ†πŒ°π‚πƒπ…πŒ°π‚πŒ°πŒΌ, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐍈𐌰 πŒ°πŒ»πŒΎπŒΉπƒ 𐌸𐌹𐌢𐌰𐌹 πŒ·πŒ°πŒΉπŒ»π‰πŒ½ πŒ»πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°πŒΉ πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒΈ,
      hōram, mannans gaΓΎiwandam, liugnjam, ufarswaram, jah jabai Ζ•a aljis ΓΎizai hailōn laiseinai andstandiΓΎ,
      For whoremongers, for them that defile themselves with mankind, for menstealers, for liars, for perjured persons, and if there be any other thing that is contrary to sound doctrine; (KJV)
    • 6th century ad, anonymous author, Skeireins 7:4, translated by James W. Marchand:
      𐌹𐌸 πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ πŒ°π„ 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 π…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒ½ 𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°, πŒΈπ‰ π†πŒΉπŒ»πŒΏπƒπŒ½πŒ° 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌿𐌼𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 πŒ²πŒ°π„πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½, π†πŒΉπŒΌπ† πŒΈπŒΏπƒπŒΏπŒ½πŒ³πŒΎπ‰πƒ π…πŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ΄ 𐌹𐌽𐌿𐌷 πŒ΅πŒΉπŒ½π‰πŒ½πƒ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ±πŒ°π‚πŒ½πŒ° πƒπ…πŒ΄ πŒ°π„ 𐌼𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 πŒ½πŒ°πŒ·π„πŒ°πŒΌπŒ°π„πŒ° πŒ°πŒ½πŒ°πŒΊπŒΏπŒΌπŒ±πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ πŒ°π„ 𐌽𐌹 π…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒ½ 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹 π…πŒ°πŒΉπŒ·π„πŒ°πŒΉ πŒΏπ†πŒ°π‚ πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πƒ π†πŒΉπŒΌπ† πŒ·πŒ»πŒ°πŒΉπŒ±πŒ°πŒ½πƒ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 π„π…πŒ°πŒ½πƒ π†πŒΉπƒπŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πƒ, 𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌢𐌴𐌹 πŒ½πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ»πŒΉπŒΏπŒ³π‰πŒ½πŒ³πƒ 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌰, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πƒπ…πŒ° 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹 πŒ²πŒ°πŒ½π‰πŒ·πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ πŒΉπŒ½πƒ π…πŒ°πŒΉπŒ»πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒΆπŒ½πŒ°πŒΉ 𐌽𐌹 πŒΈπŒ°π„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ΄πŒΉ 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌽 πŒΈπŒ°πŒΏπ‚π†π„πŒ°πŒΉπƒ 𐌹𐌼 π†π‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°π†, 𐌰𐌺 π†πŒΉπŒ»πŒ°πŒΏπƒ πŒΌπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπ‰; πŒ°π†πŒ°π‚ πŒΈπŒ°π„πŒ΄πŒΉ πŒΌπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ° 𐍃𐍉 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌴𐌹, πŒ±πŒΉπŒ²πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ½ π…πŒ°πƒ 𐌸𐌹𐌢𐌴𐌹 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌴 ·𐌹𐌱· π„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒΎπ‰πŒ½πƒ π†πŒΏπŒ»πŒ»π‰πƒ, πŒΈπŒ°π„πŒ΄πŒΉ πŒ°π†πŒ»πŒΉπ†πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ°.
      iΓΎ eis at hauja managamma wisandin in ΓΎamma stada, þō filusna anakumbjan gatawidΔ“dun, fimf ΓΎusundjōs wairΔ“ inuh qinōns jah barna swΔ“ at mikilamma nahtamata anakumbjandans at ni wisandin aljai waihtai ufar ΓΎans fimf hlaibans jah twans fiskans, ΓΎanzei nimands jah awiliudōnds gaΓΎiuΓΎida, jah swa managai ganōhjands ins wailawiznai ni ΓΎatainei ganauhan ΓΎaurftais im fragaf, ak filaus maizō; afar ΓΎatei matida sō managei, bigitan was ΓΎizei hlaibΔ“ Β·ibΒ· tainjōns fullōs, ΓΎatei aflifnōda.
      And they, there being much hay in that place, made the multitude sit down. Five thousand men, not counting women and children, Sitting down as if at a great dinner. There being nothing else beyond the five loaves and two fish, which taking and saying grace, He blessed, and with so much food satisfying them not only did He give them the needed sufficiency, but much more. After the crowd had eaten, there was found of the loaves 12 baskets full that was left over.

Declension

Ja-stem, strong forms only
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative πŒ°πŒ»πŒΎπŒΉπƒ
aljis
𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰
alja
𐌰𐌻𐌹, πŒ°πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°π„πŒ°
ali, aljata
Accusative 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰
aljana
𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰
alja
𐌰𐌻𐌹, πŒ°πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°π„πŒ°
ali, aljata
Genitive πŒ°πŒ»πŒΎπŒΉπƒ
aljis
πŒ°πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπ‰πƒ
aljaizōs
πŒ°πŒ»πŒΎπŒΉπƒ
aljis
Dative 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰
aljamma
𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹
aljai
𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰
aljamma
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹
aljai
πŒ°πŒ»πŒΎπ‰πƒ
aljōs
𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰
alja
Accusative πŒ°πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πƒ
aljans
πŒ°πŒ»πŒΎπ‰πƒ
aljōs
𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰
alja
Genitive 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌢𐌴
aljaizΔ“
πŒ°πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπ‰
aljaizō
𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌢𐌴
aljaizΔ“
Dative 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼
aljaim
𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼
aljaim
𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼
aljaim

Derived terms

References

  1. Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)β€Ž, Oxford: Oxford University Press, β†’ISBN, page 130
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