開頭
See also: 开头
Chinese
| open; operate (vehicle); start | head; (noun suffix) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (開頭) | 開 | 頭 | |
| simp. (开头) | 开 | 头 | |
Pronunciation
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 開 | 頭 |
| かい Grade: 3 |
とう Grade: 2 |
| kan’on | |
Etymology
Coined in Japan of Middle Chinese-derived elements as a compound of 開 (kai, “open”) + 頭 (tō, “head”).
Date of first appearance is uncertain, but this seems to be a relatively modern coinage.
Verb
開頭する • (kaitō suru) suru (stem 開頭し (kaitō shi), past 開頭した (kaitō shita))
- (medicine) to craniotomize, to perform a craniotomy: to open the skull for surgery
Conjugation
Conjugation of "開頭する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 開頭し | かいとうし | kaitō shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 開頭し | かいとうし | kaitō shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 開頭する | かいとうする | kaitō suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 開頭する | かいとうする | kaitō suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 開頭すれ | かいとうすれ | kaitō sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 開頭せよ¹ 開頭しろ² |
かいとうせよ¹ かいとうしろ² |
kaitō seyo¹ kaitō shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 開頭される | かいとうされる | kaitō sareru | |
| Causative | 開頭させる 開頭さす |
かいとうさせる かいとうさす |
kaitō saseru kaitō sasu | |
| Potential | 開頭できる | かいとうできる | kaitō dekiru | |
| Volitional | 開頭しよう | かいとうしよう | kaitō shiyō | |
| Negative | 開頭しない | かいとうしない | kaitō shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 開頭せず | かいとうせず | kaitō sezu | |
| Formal | 開頭します | かいとうします | kaitō shimasu | |
| Perfective | 開頭した | かいとうした | kaitō shita | |
| Conjunctive | 開頭して | かいとうして | kaitō shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 開頭すれば | かいとうすれば | kaitō sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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